Novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale
Unmeasured confounding is an important threat to the validity of observational studies. A common way to deal with unmeasured confounding is to compute bounds for the causal effect of interest, that is, a range of values that is guaranteed to include the true effect, given the observed data. Recently...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Causal Inference |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/jci-2021-0024 |
| _version_ | 1798030210050818048 |
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| author | Sjölander Arvid Hössjer Ola |
| author_facet | Sjölander Arvid Hössjer Ola |
| author_sort | Sjölander Arvid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Unmeasured confounding is an important threat to the validity of observational studies. A common way to deal with unmeasured confounding is to compute bounds for the causal effect of interest, that is, a range of values that is guaranteed to include the true effect, given the observed data. Recently, bounds have been proposed that are based on sensitivity parameters, which quantify the degree of unmeasured confounding on the risk ratio scale. These bounds can be used to compute an E-value, that is, the degree of confounding required to explain away an observed association, on the risk ratio scale. We complement and extend this previous work by deriving analogous bounds, based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale. We show that our bounds can also be used to compute an E-value, on the risk difference scale. We compare our novel bounds with previous bounds through a real data example and a simulation study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:37:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1f9c7f76736412eb7cd8442d2ea2500 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2193-3685 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:37:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Causal Inference |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1f9c7f76736412eb7cd8442d2ea25002022-12-22T04:06:49ZengDe GruyterJournal of Causal Inference2193-36852021-09-019119021010.1515/jci-2021-0024Novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scaleSjölander Arvid0Hössjer Ola1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SwedenDepartment of Mathematics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SwedenUnmeasured confounding is an important threat to the validity of observational studies. A common way to deal with unmeasured confounding is to compute bounds for the causal effect of interest, that is, a range of values that is guaranteed to include the true effect, given the observed data. Recently, bounds have been proposed that are based on sensitivity parameters, which quantify the degree of unmeasured confounding on the risk ratio scale. These bounds can be used to compute an E-value, that is, the degree of confounding required to explain away an observed association, on the risk ratio scale. We complement and extend this previous work by deriving analogous bounds, based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale. We show that our bounds can also be used to compute an E-value, on the risk difference scale. We compare our novel bounds with previous bounds through a real data example and a simulation study.https://doi.org/10.1515/jci-2021-0024causal inferenceboundssensitivity analysise-value92b15 |
| spellingShingle | Sjölander Arvid Hössjer Ola Novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale Journal of Causal Inference causal inference bounds sensitivity analysis e-value 92b15 |
| title | Novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale |
| title_full | Novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale |
| title_fullStr | Novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale |
| title_short | Novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale |
| title_sort | novel bounds for causal effects based on sensitivity parameters on the risk difference scale |
| topic | causal inference bounds sensitivity analysis e-value 92b15 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/jci-2021-0024 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sjolanderarvid novelboundsforcausaleffectsbasedonsensitivityparametersontheriskdifferencescale AT hossjerola novelboundsforcausaleffectsbasedonsensitivityparametersontheriskdifferencescale |