Association of Gut Hormones and Microbiota with Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity
In the past few decades, obesity has reached pandemic proportions. Obesity is among the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, since chronic fat accumulation leads to dysfunction in vascular endothelium and to a precocious arterial stiffness. So far, not all the mechanisms linking adipose ti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/613 |
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| author | Valentina Rovella Giuseppe Rodia Francesca Di Daniele Carmine Cardillo Umberto Campia Annalisa Noce Eleonora Candi David Della-Morte Manfredi Tesauro |
| author_facet | Valentina Rovella Giuseppe Rodia Francesca Di Daniele Carmine Cardillo Umberto Campia Annalisa Noce Eleonora Candi David Della-Morte Manfredi Tesauro |
| author_sort | Valentina Rovella |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the past few decades, obesity has reached pandemic proportions. Obesity is among the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, since chronic fat accumulation leads to dysfunction in vascular endothelium and to a precocious arterial stiffness. So far, not all the mechanisms linking adipose tissue and vascular reactivity have been explained. Recently, novel findings reported interesting pathological link between endothelial dysfunction with gut hormones and gut microbiota and energy homeostasis. These findings suggest an active role of gut secretome in regulating the mediators of vascular function, such as nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) that need to be further investigated. Moreover, a central role of brain has been suggested as a main player in the regulation of the different factors and hormones beyond these complex mechanisms. The aim of the present review is to discuss the state of the art in this field, by focusing on the processes leading to endothelial dysfunction mediated by obesity and metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance. The role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), gut hormones, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and the CNS function in controlling satiety have been considered. Further understanding the crosstalk between these complex mechanisms will allow us to better design novel strategies for the prevention of obesity and its complications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:53:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b1fbb59284ca47c0a42c89471320d717 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:53:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-b1fbb59284ca47c0a42c89471320d7172023-12-11T17:01:10ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-02-0113261310.3390/nu13020613Association of Gut Hormones and Microbiota with Vascular Dysfunction in ObesityValentina Rovella0Giuseppe Rodia1Francesca Di Daniele2Carmine Cardillo3Umberto Campia4Annalisa Noce5Eleonora Candi6David Della-Morte7Manfredi Tesauro8Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, ItalyVascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USADepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, ItalyIn the past few decades, obesity has reached pandemic proportions. Obesity is among the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, since chronic fat accumulation leads to dysfunction in vascular endothelium and to a precocious arterial stiffness. So far, not all the mechanisms linking adipose tissue and vascular reactivity have been explained. Recently, novel findings reported interesting pathological link between endothelial dysfunction with gut hormones and gut microbiota and energy homeostasis. These findings suggest an active role of gut secretome in regulating the mediators of vascular function, such as nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) that need to be further investigated. Moreover, a central role of brain has been suggested as a main player in the regulation of the different factors and hormones beyond these complex mechanisms. The aim of the present review is to discuss the state of the art in this field, by focusing on the processes leading to endothelial dysfunction mediated by obesity and metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance. The role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), gut hormones, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and the CNS function in controlling satiety have been considered. Further understanding the crosstalk between these complex mechanisms will allow us to better design novel strategies for the prevention of obesity and its complications.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/613obesity 1endothelial dysfunction 2metabolic syndrome 3gut microbiota 4gut hormones 5Brain-Gut-Microbiome Axis 6 |
| spellingShingle | Valentina Rovella Giuseppe Rodia Francesca Di Daniele Carmine Cardillo Umberto Campia Annalisa Noce Eleonora Candi David Della-Morte Manfredi Tesauro Association of Gut Hormones and Microbiota with Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity Nutrients obesity 1 endothelial dysfunction 2 metabolic syndrome 3 gut microbiota 4 gut hormones 5 Brain-Gut-Microbiome Axis 6 |
| title | Association of Gut Hormones and Microbiota with Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_full | Association of Gut Hormones and Microbiota with Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_fullStr | Association of Gut Hormones and Microbiota with Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of Gut Hormones and Microbiota with Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_short | Association of Gut Hormones and Microbiota with Vascular Dysfunction in Obesity |
| title_sort | association of gut hormones and microbiota with vascular dysfunction in obesity |
| topic | obesity 1 endothelial dysfunction 2 metabolic syndrome 3 gut microbiota 4 gut hormones 5 Brain-Gut-Microbiome Axis 6 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/613 |
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