Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of NHX Gene Family under Salinity Stress in <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> and Its Comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>
Cotton is an important economic crop affected by different abiotic stresses at different developmental stages. Salinity limits the growth and productivity of crops worldwide. Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporters play a key role during the plant development and in its tole...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/7/803 |
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| author | Umar Akram Yuhan Song Chengzhen Liang Muhammad Ali Abid Muhammad Askari Aye Aye Myat Mubashir Abbas Waqas Malik Zulfiqar Ali Sandui Guo Rui Zhang Zhigang Meng |
| author_facet | Umar Akram Yuhan Song Chengzhen Liang Muhammad Ali Abid Muhammad Askari Aye Aye Myat Mubashir Abbas Waqas Malik Zulfiqar Ali Sandui Guo Rui Zhang Zhigang Meng |
| author_sort | Umar Akram |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cotton is an important economic crop affected by different abiotic stresses at different developmental stages. Salinity limits the growth and productivity of crops worldwide. Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporters play a key role during the plant development and in its tolerance to salt stress. The aim of the present study was a genome-wide characterization and expression pattern analysis under the salinity stress of the sodium-proton antiporter (NHX) of <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> in comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>. In <i>G. barbadense</i>, 25 <i>NHX</i> genes were identified on the basis of the Na<sup>+</sup>_H<sup>+</sup> exchanger domain. All except one of the <i>G. barbadense</i> <i>NHX</i> transporters have an Amiloride motif that is a known inhibitor of Na<sup>+</sup> ions in plants. A phylogenetic analysis inferred three classes of <i>GbNHX</i> genes—viz., Vac (<i>GbNHX1</i>, <i>2</i> and <i>4</i>), Endo (<i>GbNHX6</i>), and PM (<i>GbNHX7</i>). A high number of the stress-related <i>cis</i>-acting elements observed in promoters show their role in tolerance against abiotic stresses. The Ka/Ks values show that the majority of <i>GbNHX</i> genes are subjected to strong purifying selection under the course of evolution. To study the functional divergence of <i>G. barbadense</i> <i>NHX</i> transporters, the real-time gene expression was analyzed under salt stress in the root, stem, and leaf tissues. In <i>G. barbadense</i>, the expression was higher in the stem, while in <i>G. hirsutum</i> the leaf and root showed a high expression. Moreover, our results revealed that <i>NHX2</i> homologues in both species have a high expression under salinity stress at higher time intervals, followed by <i>NHX7</i>. The protein-protein prediction study revealed that <i>GbNHX7</i> is involved in the CBL-CIPK protein interaction pathway. Our study also provided valuable information explaining the molecular mechanism of Na<sup>+</sup> transport for the further functional study of Gossypium <i>NHX</i> genes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:26:58Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:26:58Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b20710cf34c5464db7530c6d46b7c0f52023-11-20T06:55:32ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-07-0111780310.3390/genes11070803Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of NHX Gene Family under Salinity Stress in <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> and Its Comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>Umar Akram0Yuhan Song1Chengzhen Liang2Muhammad Ali Abid3Muhammad Askari4Aye Aye Myat5Mubashir Abbas6Waqas Malik7Zulfiqar Ali8Sandui Guo9Rui Zhang10Zhigang Meng11Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaGenomics Lab, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, PakistanInstitute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, PakistanBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBiotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaCotton is an important economic crop affected by different abiotic stresses at different developmental stages. Salinity limits the growth and productivity of crops worldwide. Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporters play a key role during the plant development and in its tolerance to salt stress. The aim of the present study was a genome-wide characterization and expression pattern analysis under the salinity stress of the sodium-proton antiporter (NHX) of <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> in comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>. In <i>G. barbadense</i>, 25 <i>NHX</i> genes were identified on the basis of the Na<sup>+</sup>_H<sup>+</sup> exchanger domain. All except one of the <i>G. barbadense</i> <i>NHX</i> transporters have an Amiloride motif that is a known inhibitor of Na<sup>+</sup> ions in plants. A phylogenetic analysis inferred three classes of <i>GbNHX</i> genes—viz., Vac (<i>GbNHX1</i>, <i>2</i> and <i>4</i>), Endo (<i>GbNHX6</i>), and PM (<i>GbNHX7</i>). A high number of the stress-related <i>cis</i>-acting elements observed in promoters show their role in tolerance against abiotic stresses. The Ka/Ks values show that the majority of <i>GbNHX</i> genes are subjected to strong purifying selection under the course of evolution. To study the functional divergence of <i>G. barbadense</i> <i>NHX</i> transporters, the real-time gene expression was analyzed under salt stress in the root, stem, and leaf tissues. In <i>G. barbadense</i>, the expression was higher in the stem, while in <i>G. hirsutum</i> the leaf and root showed a high expression. Moreover, our results revealed that <i>NHX2</i> homologues in both species have a high expression under salinity stress at higher time intervals, followed by <i>NHX7</i>. The protein-protein prediction study revealed that <i>GbNHX7</i> is involved in the CBL-CIPK protein interaction pathway. Our study also provided valuable information explaining the molecular mechanism of Na<sup>+</sup> transport for the further functional study of Gossypium <i>NHX</i> genes.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/7/803<i>G. barbadense</i><i>GbNHX</i>phylogeneticabiotic stressNa<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporteramiloride |
| spellingShingle | Umar Akram Yuhan Song Chengzhen Liang Muhammad Ali Abid Muhammad Askari Aye Aye Myat Mubashir Abbas Waqas Malik Zulfiqar Ali Sandui Guo Rui Zhang Zhigang Meng Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of NHX Gene Family under Salinity Stress in <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> and Its Comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> Genes <i>G. barbadense</i> <i>GbNHX</i> phylogenetic abiotic stress Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporter amiloride |
| title | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of NHX Gene Family under Salinity Stress in <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> and Its Comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of NHX Gene Family under Salinity Stress in <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> and Its Comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of NHX Gene Family under Salinity Stress in <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> and Its Comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of NHX Gene Family under Salinity Stress in <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> and Its Comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of NHX Gene Family under Salinity Stress in <i>Gossypium barbadense</i> and Its Comparison with <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> |
| title_sort | genome wide characterization and expression analysis of nhx gene family under salinity stress in i gossypium barbadense i and its comparison with i gossypium hirsutum i |
| topic | <i>G. barbadense</i> <i>GbNHX</i> phylogenetic abiotic stress Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporter amiloride |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/7/803 |
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