Phenotypic Plasticity in Morphological Traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Induced by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin A
Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, when meiotically inherited across generations, can act as a stable evolutionary force that is independent of any accompanying DNA mutations. Certain histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibiting chemicals such as Trichostatin A (TSA) and...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| author | Sasipriya Sasikumar Banur Marulasiddappa Dushyanthakumar Shankarappa Sridhara Nagarajappa Adivappar Harish Babu Bheemanapalli Nagraja Ahmed M. El-Shehawi Salman Aloufi Mohammed Alqurashi Hosam O. Elansary Khalid M. Elhindi Eman A. Mahmoud |
| author_facet | Sasipriya Sasikumar Banur Marulasiddappa Dushyanthakumar Shankarappa Sridhara Nagarajappa Adivappar Harish Babu Bheemanapalli Nagraja Ahmed M. El-Shehawi Salman Aloufi Mohammed Alqurashi Hosam O. Elansary Khalid M. Elhindi Eman A. Mahmoud |
| author_sort | Sasipriya Sasikumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, when meiotically inherited across generations, can act as a stable evolutionary force that is independent of any accompanying DNA mutations. Certain histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibiting chemicals such as Trichostatin A (TSA) and sodium butyrate are known to regulate the total acetylated histones in the genome, which is important for regulating the expression of various traits in all organisms. This study investigated all morphological variations in traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. (okra) induced by different doses of Trichostatin A in a popular okra variety, Arka Abhay. Two sets of seeds were treated with two doses (0.4 µM and 1.2 µM) of TSA and were incubated in the chemical for three and five days, respectively, to record the effects of dose and incubation periods on various agronomic characters of okra. The treatment of TSA had a negative impact on the majority of the characters under evaluation. Total seedlings emerged, and mean shoot and root length were retarded following the TSA treatment. Extremely dwarfed plants with malformed leaves and flowers were a common observation. Pollen sterility combined with distortion of the reproductive whorls of the flowers were particularly pronounced at high doses with a prolonged incubation period. Treated plants had a significantly delayed first flowering and produced short fruits with altered morphology. Variations in seeds with respect to the number, colour and size were also recorded. Total reduction with respect to seedling parameters, total pollen production, the number of fertile pollens, plant height and other damaging effects on leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds increased as the dose and incubation period increased. Statistical analysis revealed the significant negative effect of TSA treatments on plant height, the number of ridges and locules per fruit, number of seeds per fruit and test weight. The treatment, 1.2 µM Trichostatin A incubated for three days, showed a remarkable difference as traits such as total field emergence, seedling parameters and days to first flowering plant height, number of seeds per fruit and test weight deviated from the expected trend of decreasing growth parameters as the dose and incubation period increased. The study further revealed that the treatment (1.2 µM TSA incubated for three days) can be suggested for use in okra to induce epigenetic variations without significantly compromising the growth and vigour parameters of okra. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:54:46Z |
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| id | doaj.art-b2256d5c28bb49289496154a4a845c67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:54:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2256d5c28bb49289496154a4a845c672023-11-23T22:23:46ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-09-011210224710.3390/agronomy12102247Phenotypic Plasticity in Morphological Traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Induced by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin ASasipriya Sasikumar0Banur Marulasiddappa Dushyanthakumar1Shankarappa Sridhara2Nagarajappa Adivappar3Harish Babu Bheemanapalli Nagraja4Ahmed M. El-Shehawi5Salman Aloufi6Mohammed Alqurashi7Hosam O. Elansary8Khalid M. Elhindi9Eman A. Mahmoud10Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shivamogga, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 201, IndiaDepartment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Shivamogga, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 201, IndiaCenter for Climate Resilient Agriculture, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 201, IndiaDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shivamogga, Keladi Shivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga 577 201, IndiaAICRP on Groundnut, Zonal Agricultural & Horticultural Research Station, Hiriyur 572 143, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi ArabiaPlant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaPlant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food Industries, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34511, EgyptEpigenetic changes such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, when meiotically inherited across generations, can act as a stable evolutionary force that is independent of any accompanying DNA mutations. Certain histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibiting chemicals such as Trichostatin A (TSA) and sodium butyrate are known to regulate the total acetylated histones in the genome, which is important for regulating the expression of various traits in all organisms. This study investigated all morphological variations in traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. (okra) induced by different doses of Trichostatin A in a popular okra variety, Arka Abhay. Two sets of seeds were treated with two doses (0.4 µM and 1.2 µM) of TSA and were incubated in the chemical for three and five days, respectively, to record the effects of dose and incubation periods on various agronomic characters of okra. The treatment of TSA had a negative impact on the majority of the characters under evaluation. Total seedlings emerged, and mean shoot and root length were retarded following the TSA treatment. Extremely dwarfed plants with malformed leaves and flowers were a common observation. Pollen sterility combined with distortion of the reproductive whorls of the flowers were particularly pronounced at high doses with a prolonged incubation period. Treated plants had a significantly delayed first flowering and produced short fruits with altered morphology. Variations in seeds with respect to the number, colour and size were also recorded. Total reduction with respect to seedling parameters, total pollen production, the number of fertile pollens, plant height and other damaging effects on leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds increased as the dose and incubation period increased. Statistical analysis revealed the significant negative effect of TSA treatments on plant height, the number of ridges and locules per fruit, number of seeds per fruit and test weight. The treatment, 1.2 µM Trichostatin A incubated for three days, showed a remarkable difference as traits such as total field emergence, seedling parameters and days to first flowering plant height, number of seeds per fruit and test weight deviated from the expected trend of decreasing growth parameters as the dose and incubation period increased. The study further revealed that the treatment (1.2 µM TSA incubated for three days) can be suggested for use in okra to induce epigenetic variations without significantly compromising the growth and vigour parameters of okra.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/10/2247okraTrichostatin Ahistone deacetylase inhibitorplant epigeneticspollen sterility |
| spellingShingle | Sasipriya Sasikumar Banur Marulasiddappa Dushyanthakumar Shankarappa Sridhara Nagarajappa Adivappar Harish Babu Bheemanapalli Nagraja Ahmed M. El-Shehawi Salman Aloufi Mohammed Alqurashi Hosam O. Elansary Khalid M. Elhindi Eman A. Mahmoud Phenotypic Plasticity in Morphological Traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Induced by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin A Agronomy okra Trichostatin A histone deacetylase inhibitor plant epigenetics pollen sterility |
| title | Phenotypic Plasticity in Morphological Traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Induced by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin A |
| title_full | Phenotypic Plasticity in Morphological Traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Induced by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin A |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypic Plasticity in Morphological Traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Induced by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin A |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypic Plasticity in Morphological Traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Induced by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin A |
| title_short | Phenotypic Plasticity in Morphological Traits of <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Induced by Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin A |
| title_sort | phenotypic plasticity in morphological traits of i abelmoschus esculentus i l induced by histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin a |
| topic | okra Trichostatin A histone deacetylase inhibitor plant epigenetics pollen sterility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/10/2247 |
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