Fecal Immunochemical Test as a Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer in University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of public health importance because of the increasing incidence of the disease and presentation in advanced stage of the disease in Western Africa. CRC is amenable to screening because of the long course of premalignant lesions before final development of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society of Clinical Oncology
2020-11-01
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| Series: | JCO Global Oncology |
| Online Access: | https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JGO.19.00340 |
| _version_ | 1818357834028417024 |
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| author | Elizabeth O. Labaeka Achiaka E. Irabor David O. Irabor |
| author_facet | Elizabeth O. Labaeka Achiaka E. Irabor David O. Irabor |
| author_sort | Elizabeth O. Labaeka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of public health importance because of the increasing incidence of the disease and presentation in advanced stage of the disease in Western Africa. CRC is amenable to screening because of the long course of premalignant lesions before final development of the disease. Despite this, the practice of CRC screening is inadequate at the sites in this study. The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is one of the recommended noninvasive methods for CRC screening. It has a sensitivity of 96%, specificity of 90%, and an overall accuracy of 95%. We aimed to determine the practicability of FIT for CRC screening in patients aged 40 to 75 years who attended primary care clinics in the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 422 patients selected by systematic random sampling were recruited and offered free FIT screening. Participants with a positive finding had additional GI examination, including a digital rectal examination, proctoscopy, and colonoscopy, if no lesion was biopsied during proctoscopy. RESULTS The mean (± standard deviation) age of the respondents was 62 ± 9.61 years. The prevalence of a positive FIT in the study was 10.1%. The FIT was not completed by 3.8% of patients, and the rate of completion of additional evaluation after a positive FIT reduced as the investigations became invasive, with 36.8% and 71.1% noncompletion rates for proctoscopy and colonoscopy, respectively. CONCLUSION A FIT-based screening for age and risk-appropriate patients is practical in this environment, where the capacity and acceptability of colonoscopy are limited. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T20:19:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b2261bc75c054dbc95e959551afa76e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2687-8941 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T20:19:24Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | American Society of Clinical Oncology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JCO Global Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2261bc75c054dbc95e959551afa76e32022-12-21T23:32:44ZengAmerican Society of Clinical OncologyJCO Global Oncology2687-89412020-11-01652553110.1200/JGO.19.00340Fecal Immunochemical Test as a Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer in University College Hospital Ibadan, NigeriaElizabeth O. Labaeka0Achiaka E. Irabor1David O. Irabor2Department of Family Medicine University, College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Family Medicine University, College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaPURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of public health importance because of the increasing incidence of the disease and presentation in advanced stage of the disease in Western Africa. CRC is amenable to screening because of the long course of premalignant lesions before final development of the disease. Despite this, the practice of CRC screening is inadequate at the sites in this study. The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is one of the recommended noninvasive methods for CRC screening. It has a sensitivity of 96%, specificity of 90%, and an overall accuracy of 95%. We aimed to determine the practicability of FIT for CRC screening in patients aged 40 to 75 years who attended primary care clinics in the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 422 patients selected by systematic random sampling were recruited and offered free FIT screening. Participants with a positive finding had additional GI examination, including a digital rectal examination, proctoscopy, and colonoscopy, if no lesion was biopsied during proctoscopy. RESULTS The mean (± standard deviation) age of the respondents was 62 ± 9.61 years. The prevalence of a positive FIT in the study was 10.1%. The FIT was not completed by 3.8% of patients, and the rate of completion of additional evaluation after a positive FIT reduced as the investigations became invasive, with 36.8% and 71.1% noncompletion rates for proctoscopy and colonoscopy, respectively. CONCLUSION A FIT-based screening for age and risk-appropriate patients is practical in this environment, where the capacity and acceptability of colonoscopy are limited.https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JGO.19.00340 |
| spellingShingle | Elizabeth O. Labaeka Achiaka E. Irabor David O. Irabor Fecal Immunochemical Test as a Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer in University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria JCO Global Oncology |
| title | Fecal Immunochemical Test as a Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer in University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_full | Fecal Immunochemical Test as a Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer in University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Fecal Immunochemical Test as a Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer in University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fecal Immunochemical Test as a Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer in University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_short | Fecal Immunochemical Test as a Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer in University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria |
| title_sort | fecal immunochemical test as a screening method for colorectal cancer in university college hospital ibadan nigeria |
| url | https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JGO.19.00340 |
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