Causes of Death among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Chronic Liver Disease Etiology
This study was conducted to determine whether the causes of death among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differ according to chronic liver disease (CLD) etiology. Between 2011 and 2020, 3977 patients who were newly diagnosed with HCC at our institution were enrolled in this study. We det...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/6/1687 |
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| author | Yi-Hao Yen Kwong-Ming Kee Wei-Feng Li Yueh-Wei Liu Chih-Chi Wang Tsung-Hui Hu Ming-Chao Tsai Yuan-Hung Kuo Chih-Yun Lin |
| author_facet | Yi-Hao Yen Kwong-Ming Kee Wei-Feng Li Yueh-Wei Liu Chih-Chi Wang Tsung-Hui Hu Ming-Chao Tsai Yuan-Hung Kuo Chih-Yun Lin |
| author_sort | Yi-Hao Yen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was conducted to determine whether the causes of death among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differ according to chronic liver disease (CLD) etiology. Between 2011 and 2020, 3977 patients who were newly diagnosed with HCC at our institution were enrolled in this study. We determined whether the cause of death was HCC-related and non-HCC-related. For patients with multiple CLD etiologies, etiology was classified using the following hierarchy: hepatitis C virus (HCV) > hepatitis B virus (HBV) > alcohol-related causes > all negative. All negative was defined as negative for HCV, HBV, and alcohol-related causes. Among 3977 patients, 1415 patients were classified as HCV-related, 1691 patients were HBV-related, 145 patients were alcohol-related, and 725 patients were all negative. HCC-related mortality was the leading cause of death, irrespective of etiology. Among patients who underwent curative treatment, HCC-related mortality was the leading cause of death for patients in the HCV, HBV, and all-negative groups, but not for patients in the alcohol-related group. Among patients 75 years and older who underwent curative treatment, HCC-related mortality was the leading cause of death in the HCV but not HBV or all-negative groups. In conclusion, although most patients with HCC die due to HCC-related causes, non-HCC-related mortality represents a competing event in certain patient subgroups. The current study results underscore the importance of assessing and managing underlying comorbidities, particularly among patients with HCC at risk of non-HCC-related mortality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:49:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b2303087ca4d4dff987e5d6653320e18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:49:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2303087ca4d4dff987e5d6653320e182023-11-17T10:05:47ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-03-01156168710.3390/cancers15061687Causes of Death among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Chronic Liver Disease EtiologyYi-Hao Yen0Kwong-Ming Kee1Wei-Feng Li2Yueh-Wei Liu3Chih-Chi Wang4Tsung-Hui Hu5Ming-Chao Tsai6Yuan-Hung Kuo7Chih-Yun Lin8Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDivision of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanLiver Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanLiver Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanLiver Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDivision of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDivision of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanDivision of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanBiostatistics Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, TaiwanThis study was conducted to determine whether the causes of death among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differ according to chronic liver disease (CLD) etiology. Between 2011 and 2020, 3977 patients who were newly diagnosed with HCC at our institution were enrolled in this study. We determined whether the cause of death was HCC-related and non-HCC-related. For patients with multiple CLD etiologies, etiology was classified using the following hierarchy: hepatitis C virus (HCV) > hepatitis B virus (HBV) > alcohol-related causes > all negative. All negative was defined as negative for HCV, HBV, and alcohol-related causes. Among 3977 patients, 1415 patients were classified as HCV-related, 1691 patients were HBV-related, 145 patients were alcohol-related, and 725 patients were all negative. HCC-related mortality was the leading cause of death, irrespective of etiology. Among patients who underwent curative treatment, HCC-related mortality was the leading cause of death for patients in the HCV, HBV, and all-negative groups, but not for patients in the alcohol-related group. Among patients 75 years and older who underwent curative treatment, HCC-related mortality was the leading cause of death in the HCV but not HBV or all-negative groups. In conclusion, although most patients with HCC die due to HCC-related causes, non-HCC-related mortality represents a competing event in certain patient subgroups. The current study results underscore the importance of assessing and managing underlying comorbidities, particularly among patients with HCC at risk of non-HCC-related mortality.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/6/1687liver cancercause-specific mortalitychronic liver disease (CLD) |
| spellingShingle | Yi-Hao Yen Kwong-Ming Kee Wei-Feng Li Yueh-Wei Liu Chih-Chi Wang Tsung-Hui Hu Ming-Chao Tsai Yuan-Hung Kuo Chih-Yun Lin Causes of Death among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Chronic Liver Disease Etiology Cancers liver cancer cause-specific mortality chronic liver disease (CLD) |
| title | Causes of Death among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Chronic Liver Disease Etiology |
| title_full | Causes of Death among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Chronic Liver Disease Etiology |
| title_fullStr | Causes of Death among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Chronic Liver Disease Etiology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Causes of Death among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Chronic Liver Disease Etiology |
| title_short | Causes of Death among Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma According to Chronic Liver Disease Etiology |
| title_sort | causes of death among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma according to chronic liver disease etiology |
| topic | liver cancer cause-specific mortality chronic liver disease (CLD) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/6/1687 |
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