Plant Organ Shapes Are Regulated by Protein Interactions and Associations With Microtubules
Plant organ shape is determined by the spatial-temporal expression of genes that control the direction and rate of cell division and expansion, as well as the mechanical constraints provided by the rigid cell walls and surrounding cells. Despite the importance of organ morphology during the plant li...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01766/full |
| _version_ | 1819100272555720704 |
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| author | Mark D. Lazzaro Mark D. Lazzaro Shan Wu Ashley Snouffer Yanping Wang Esther van der Knaap Esther van der Knaap Esther van der Knaap |
| author_facet | Mark D. Lazzaro Mark D. Lazzaro Shan Wu Ashley Snouffer Yanping Wang Esther van der Knaap Esther van der Knaap Esther van der Knaap |
| author_sort | Mark D. Lazzaro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plant organ shape is determined by the spatial-temporal expression of genes that control the direction and rate of cell division and expansion, as well as the mechanical constraints provided by the rigid cell walls and surrounding cells. Despite the importance of organ morphology during the plant life cycle, the interplay of patterning genes with these mechanical constraints and the cytoskeleton is poorly understood. Shapes of harvestable plant organs such as fruits, leaves, seeds and tubers vary dramatically among, and within crop plants. Years of selection have led to the accumulation of mutations in genes regulating organ shapes, allowing us to identify new genetic and molecular components controlling morphology as well as the interactions among the proteins. Using tomato as a model, we discuss the interaction of Ovate Family Proteins (OFPs) with a subset of TONNEAU1-recruiting motif family of proteins (TRMs) as a part of the protein network that appears to be required for interactions with the microtubules leading to coordinated multicellular growth in plants. In addition, SUN and other members of the IQD family also exert their effects on organ shape by interacting with microtubules. In this review, we aim to illuminate the probable mechanistic aspects of organ growth mediated by OFP-TRM and SUN/IQD via their interactions with the cytoskeleton. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:00:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b24540fa474d4ffea78d6225f1bc3335 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:00:08Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-b24540fa474d4ffea78d6225f1bc33352022-12-21T18:44:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2018-12-01910.3389/fpls.2018.01766418096Plant Organ Shapes Are Regulated by Protein Interactions and Associations With MicrotubulesMark D. Lazzaro0Mark D. Lazzaro1Shan Wu2Ashley Snouffer3Yanping Wang4Esther van der Knaap5Esther van der Knaap6Esther van der Knaap7Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, United StatesCenter for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United StatesBoyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United StatesCenter for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United StatesNational Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United StatesInstitute for Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United StatesDepartment of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United StatesPlant organ shape is determined by the spatial-temporal expression of genes that control the direction and rate of cell division and expansion, as well as the mechanical constraints provided by the rigid cell walls and surrounding cells. Despite the importance of organ morphology during the plant life cycle, the interplay of patterning genes with these mechanical constraints and the cytoskeleton is poorly understood. Shapes of harvestable plant organs such as fruits, leaves, seeds and tubers vary dramatically among, and within crop plants. Years of selection have led to the accumulation of mutations in genes regulating organ shapes, allowing us to identify new genetic and molecular components controlling morphology as well as the interactions among the proteins. Using tomato as a model, we discuss the interaction of Ovate Family Proteins (OFPs) with a subset of TONNEAU1-recruiting motif family of proteins (TRMs) as a part of the protein network that appears to be required for interactions with the microtubules leading to coordinated multicellular growth in plants. In addition, SUN and other members of the IQD family also exert their effects on organ shape by interacting with microtubules. In this review, we aim to illuminate the probable mechanistic aspects of organ growth mediated by OFP-TRM and SUN/IQD via their interactions with the cytoskeleton.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01766/fullOFPTRMSUNIQDmicrotubulesorgan shape |
| spellingShingle | Mark D. Lazzaro Mark D. Lazzaro Shan Wu Ashley Snouffer Yanping Wang Esther van der Knaap Esther van der Knaap Esther van der Knaap Plant Organ Shapes Are Regulated by Protein Interactions and Associations With Microtubules Frontiers in Plant Science OFP TRM SUN IQD microtubules organ shape |
| title | Plant Organ Shapes Are Regulated by Protein Interactions and Associations With Microtubules |
| title_full | Plant Organ Shapes Are Regulated by Protein Interactions and Associations With Microtubules |
| title_fullStr | Plant Organ Shapes Are Regulated by Protein Interactions and Associations With Microtubules |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant Organ Shapes Are Regulated by Protein Interactions and Associations With Microtubules |
| title_short | Plant Organ Shapes Are Regulated by Protein Interactions and Associations With Microtubules |
| title_sort | plant organ shapes are regulated by protein interactions and associations with microtubules |
| topic | OFP TRM SUN IQD microtubules organ shape |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01766/full |
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