Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processes
Antarctic pack ice is inhabited by a diverse and active microbial community reliant on nutrients for growth. Seeking patterns and overlooked processes, we performed a large-scale compilation of macro-nutrient data (hereafter termed nutrients) in Antarctic pack ice (306 ice-cores collected from 19 re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BioOne
2017-03-01
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| Series: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.elementascience.org/articles/217 |
| _version_ | 1818205885619503104 |
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| author | François Fripiat Klaus M. Meiners Martin Vancoppenolle Stathys Papadimitriou David N. Thomas Stephen F. Ackley Kevin R. Arrigo Gauthier Carnat Stefano Cozzi Bruno Delille Gerhard S. Dieckmann Robert B. Dunbar Agneta Fransson Gerhard Kattner Hilary Kennedy Delphine Lannuzel David R. Munro Daiki Nomura Janne-Markus Rintala Véronique Schoemann Jacqueline Stefels Nadja Steiner Jean-Louis Tison |
| author_facet | François Fripiat Klaus M. Meiners Martin Vancoppenolle Stathys Papadimitriou David N. Thomas Stephen F. Ackley Kevin R. Arrigo Gauthier Carnat Stefano Cozzi Bruno Delille Gerhard S. Dieckmann Robert B. Dunbar Agneta Fransson Gerhard Kattner Hilary Kennedy Delphine Lannuzel David R. Munro Daiki Nomura Janne-Markus Rintala Véronique Schoemann Jacqueline Stefels Nadja Steiner Jean-Louis Tison |
| author_sort | François Fripiat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antarctic pack ice is inhabited by a diverse and active microbial community reliant on nutrients for growth. Seeking patterns and overlooked processes, we performed a large-scale compilation of macro-nutrient data (hereafter termed nutrients) in Antarctic pack ice (306 ice-cores collected from 19 research cruises). Dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silicic acid concentrations change with time, as expected from a seasonally productive ecosystem. In winter, salinity-normalized nitrate and silicic acid concentrations (C*) in sea ice are close to seawater concentrations (Cw), indicating little or no biological activity. In spring, nitrate and silicic acid concentrations become partially depleted with respect to seawater (C* < Cw), commensurate with the seasonal build-up of ice microalgae promoted by increased insolation. Stronger and earlier nitrate than silicic acid consumption suggests that a significant fraction of the primary productivity in sea ice is sustained by flagellates. By both consuming and producing ammonium and nitrite, the microbial community maintains these nutrients at relatively low concentrations in spring. With the decrease in insolation beginning in late summer, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silicic acid concentrations increase, indicating imbalance between their production (increasing or unchanged) and consumption (decreasing) in sea ice. Unlike the depleted concentrations of both nitrate and silicic acid from spring to summer, phosphate accumulates in sea ice (C* > Cw). The phosphate excess could be explained by a greater allocation to phosphorus-rich biomolecules during ice algal blooms coupled with convective loss of excess dissolved nitrogen, preferential remineralization of phosphorus, and/or phosphate adsorption onto metal-organic complexes. Ammonium also appears to be efficiently adsorbed onto organic matter, with likely consequences to nitrogen mobility and availability. This dataset supports the view that the sea ice microbial community is highly efficient at processing nutrients but with a dynamic quite different from that in oceanic surface waters calling for focused future investigations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T04:04:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b24837a7f55b4e87a5683ca6f6ee4fd9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2325-1026 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T04:04:15Z |
| publishDate | 2017-03-01 |
| publisher | BioOne |
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| series | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
| spelling | doaj.art-b24837a7f55b4e87a5683ca6f6ee4fd92022-12-22T00:38:50ZengBioOneElementa: Science of the Anthropocene2325-10262017-03-01510.1525/elementa.217154Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processesFrançois Fripiat0Klaus M. Meiners1Martin Vancoppenolle2Stathys Papadimitriou3David N. Thomas4Stephen F. Ackley5Kevin R. Arrigo6Gauthier Carnat7Stefano Cozzi8Bruno Delille9Gerhard S. Dieckmann10Robert B. Dunbar11Agneta Fransson12Gerhard Kattner13Hilary Kennedy14Delphine Lannuzel15David R. Munro16Daiki Nomura17Janne-Markus Rintala18Véronique Schoemann19Jacqueline Stefels20Nadja Steiner21Jean-Louis Tison22Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Analytical, Environmental, and Geo-Chemistry Department, Brussels, Belgium; and Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, MainzAustralian Antarctic Division, Department of the Environment and Energy, Kingston, Tasmania; and University of Tasmania, Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, Hobart, Tasmania,Sorbonne Universités (UPMC Paris 6), LOCEAN-IPSL, CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris,Bangor University, School of Ocean Sciences, Menai Bridge, Anglesey,Bangor University, School of Ocean Sciences, Menai Bridge, Anglesey; and Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Marine Research Centre, Helsinki,University of Texas at San Antonio, Snow and Ice Geophysics Laboratory, Geol. Sciences Dept, San Antonio, Texas,Stanford University, Department of Earth System Science, Stanford, CaliforniaUniversité Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Glaciologie, BrusselsCNR-ISMAR, Istituto di Scienze Marine, TriesteUniversité de Liège, Unité d’Océanographie Chimique, MARE, LiègeAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, BremerhavenStanford University, Department of Earth System Science, Stanford, CaliforniaNorwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway; and University of Gothenburg, Department of Earth Sciences, GöteborgAlfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, BremerhavenBangor University, School of Ocean Sciences, Menai Bridge, AngleseyUniversity of Tasmania, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Hobart, TasmaniaUniversity of Colorado Boulder, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, Boulder, ColoradoFaculty of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, HakodateFinnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Marine Research Centre, Helsinki; and University of Helsinki, Department of Environmental Sciences, HelsinkiUniversité Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Glaciologie, BrusselsUniversity of Groningen, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Ecophysiology of Plants, GroningenInstitute of Ocean Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Ocean Canada, Sidney, British ColumbiaUniversité Libre de Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Glaciologie, BrusselsAntarctic pack ice is inhabited by a diverse and active microbial community reliant on nutrients for growth. Seeking patterns and overlooked processes, we performed a large-scale compilation of macro-nutrient data (hereafter termed nutrients) in Antarctic pack ice (306 ice-cores collected from 19 research cruises). Dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silicic acid concentrations change with time, as expected from a seasonally productive ecosystem. In winter, salinity-normalized nitrate and silicic acid concentrations (C*) in sea ice are close to seawater concentrations (Cw), indicating little or no biological activity. In spring, nitrate and silicic acid concentrations become partially depleted with respect to seawater (C* < Cw), commensurate with the seasonal build-up of ice microalgae promoted by increased insolation. Stronger and earlier nitrate than silicic acid consumption suggests that a significant fraction of the primary productivity in sea ice is sustained by flagellates. By both consuming and producing ammonium and nitrite, the microbial community maintains these nutrients at relatively low concentrations in spring. With the decrease in insolation beginning in late summer, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and silicic acid concentrations increase, indicating imbalance between their production (increasing or unchanged) and consumption (decreasing) in sea ice. Unlike the depleted concentrations of both nitrate and silicic acid from spring to summer, phosphate accumulates in sea ice (C* > Cw). The phosphate excess could be explained by a greater allocation to phosphorus-rich biomolecules during ice algal blooms coupled with convective loss of excess dissolved nitrogen, preferential remineralization of phosphorus, and/or phosphate adsorption onto metal-organic complexes. Ammonium also appears to be efficiently adsorbed onto organic matter, with likely consequences to nitrogen mobility and availability. This dataset supports the view that the sea ice microbial community is highly efficient at processing nutrients but with a dynamic quite different from that in oceanic surface waters calling for focused future investigations.https://www.elementascience.org/articles/217Nutrientssea iceAntarctica |
| spellingShingle | François Fripiat Klaus M. Meiners Martin Vancoppenolle Stathys Papadimitriou David N. Thomas Stephen F. Ackley Kevin R. Arrigo Gauthier Carnat Stefano Cozzi Bruno Delille Gerhard S. Dieckmann Robert B. Dunbar Agneta Fransson Gerhard Kattner Hilary Kennedy Delphine Lannuzel David R. Munro Daiki Nomura Janne-Markus Rintala Véronique Schoemann Jacqueline Stefels Nadja Steiner Jean-Louis Tison Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processes Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene Nutrients sea ice Antarctica |
| title | Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processes |
| title_full | Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processes |
| title_fullStr | Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processes |
| title_short | Macro-nutrient concentrations in Antarctic pack ice: Overall patterns and overlooked processes |
| title_sort | macro nutrient concentrations in antarctic pack ice overall patterns and overlooked processes |
| topic | Nutrients sea ice Antarctica |
| url | https://www.elementascience.org/articles/217 |
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