Assessing the Landscape Ecological Health (LEH) of Wetlands: Research Content and Evaluation Methods (2000–2022)
Wetlands are often referred to as the Earth’s kidneys. However, wetlands worldwide are still negatively affected due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of wetland landscape ecological health (WLEH). Based on this background, we analyzed and compared the conceptual definitions, research progres...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Water |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/13/2410 |
| _version_ | 1797590805603418112 |
|---|---|
| author | Rongjie Yang Yingying Chen Yuling Qiu Kezhu Lu Xurui Wang Gaoyuan Sun Qiuge Liang Huixing Song Shiliang Liu |
| author_facet | Rongjie Yang Yingying Chen Yuling Qiu Kezhu Lu Xurui Wang Gaoyuan Sun Qiuge Liang Huixing Song Shiliang Liu |
| author_sort | Rongjie Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wetlands are often referred to as the Earth’s kidneys. However, wetlands worldwide are still negatively affected due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of wetland landscape ecological health (WLEH). Based on this background, we analyzed and compared the conceptual definitions, research progress, contents (in terms of structural, functional, and process health), and methods (indicator species approach, ecological integrity assessment, conceptual model evaluation including the vigor–organization–resilience (VOR), pressure–state–response (PSR), and ecological feature–function–socioeconomic (EFFS) models, and water–gas CO<sub>2</sub> calculation) over the past 20 years (2000–2022). Moreover, the concept definition and research progress of ecosystem health (EH) and landscape ecological health (LEH) and WLEH research outlook were analyzed. In this study, it was shown that WLEH could be considered a LEH subset, while the LEH is a specific EH perspective. These three concepts share a common focus on ecosystem conditions, functions, and services while considering ecological processes and habitat characteristics. However, they differ in the scope and specific types of ecosystems considered. This review may provide references for ecological conservation and restoration of artificial and restored wetland landscapes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:25:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b248c7ff4765434aac0e4d7549b0be18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:25:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-b248c7ff4765434aac0e4d7549b0be182023-11-18T17:47:49ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-06-011513241010.3390/w15132410Assessing the Landscape Ecological Health (LEH) of Wetlands: Research Content and Evaluation Methods (2000–2022)Rongjie Yang0Yingying Chen1Yuling Qiu2Kezhu Lu3Xurui Wang4Gaoyuan Sun5Qiuge Liang6Huixing Song7Shiliang Liu8College of Tourism and Culture Industry, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaCollege of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, ChinaWetlands are often referred to as the Earth’s kidneys. However, wetlands worldwide are still negatively affected due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of wetland landscape ecological health (WLEH). Based on this background, we analyzed and compared the conceptual definitions, research progress, contents (in terms of structural, functional, and process health), and methods (indicator species approach, ecological integrity assessment, conceptual model evaluation including the vigor–organization–resilience (VOR), pressure–state–response (PSR), and ecological feature–function–socioeconomic (EFFS) models, and water–gas CO<sub>2</sub> calculation) over the past 20 years (2000–2022). Moreover, the concept definition and research progress of ecosystem health (EH) and landscape ecological health (LEH) and WLEH research outlook were analyzed. In this study, it was shown that WLEH could be considered a LEH subset, while the LEH is a specific EH perspective. These three concepts share a common focus on ecosystem conditions, functions, and services while considering ecological processes and habitat characteristics. However, they differ in the scope and specific types of ecosystems considered. This review may provide references for ecological conservation and restoration of artificial and restored wetland landscapes.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/13/2410wetlandslandscape ecological healthresearch contentassessment methodsecological health |
| spellingShingle | Rongjie Yang Yingying Chen Yuling Qiu Kezhu Lu Xurui Wang Gaoyuan Sun Qiuge Liang Huixing Song Shiliang Liu Assessing the Landscape Ecological Health (LEH) of Wetlands: Research Content and Evaluation Methods (2000–2022) Water wetlands landscape ecological health research content assessment methods ecological health |
| title | Assessing the Landscape Ecological Health (LEH) of Wetlands: Research Content and Evaluation Methods (2000–2022) |
| title_full | Assessing the Landscape Ecological Health (LEH) of Wetlands: Research Content and Evaluation Methods (2000–2022) |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the Landscape Ecological Health (LEH) of Wetlands: Research Content and Evaluation Methods (2000–2022) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the Landscape Ecological Health (LEH) of Wetlands: Research Content and Evaluation Methods (2000–2022) |
| title_short | Assessing the Landscape Ecological Health (LEH) of Wetlands: Research Content and Evaluation Methods (2000–2022) |
| title_sort | assessing the landscape ecological health leh of wetlands research content and evaluation methods 2000 2022 |
| topic | wetlands landscape ecological health research content assessment methods ecological health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/13/2410 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rongjieyang assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 AT yingyingchen assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 AT yulingqiu assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 AT kezhulu assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 AT xuruiwang assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 AT gaoyuansun assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 AT qiugeliang assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 AT huixingsong assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 AT shiliangliu assessingthelandscapeecologicalhealthlehofwetlandsresearchcontentandevaluationmethods20002022 |