Intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: an autopsy case report and review of the literature
Jariya Waisayarat,1 Sirithep Plumworasawat,1 Soamarat Vilaiyuk,2 Nongnuch Sirachainan21Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandA...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Vascular Health and Risk Management |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/intracardiac-thrombus-in-a-patient-with-catastrophic-antiphospholipid--peer-reviewed-article-VHRM |
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| author | Waisayarat J Plumworasawat S Vilaiyuk S Sirachainan N |
| author_facet | Waisayarat J Plumworasawat S Vilaiyuk S Sirachainan N |
| author_sort | Waisayarat J |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Jariya Waisayarat,1 Sirithep Plumworasawat,1 Soamarat Vilaiyuk,2 Nongnuch Sirachainan21Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandAbstract: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoantibody-mediated acquired thrombophilia characterized by venous and/or arterial thromboses, pregnancy morbidity (predominantly repeated fetal losses), and the presence of phospholipid antibodies. The estimated annual incidence of APS is 5 new cases per 100,000 people. The most common thrombotic events in patients with APS in order of frequency are stroke, transient ischemic attack, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Patients with APS may develop an intracardiac thrombus, which is a life-threatening complication with a high risk of increased morbidity and mortality; however, it is treatable by surgical removal, extensive anticoagulant administration, and prevention of other complications. Catastrophic APS, which is a rare and severe condition diagnosed based on rapidly progressive thromboembolic events involving three or more organs, systems, or tissues, occurs in less than 1% of all patients with APS. We herein report an autopsy case of catastrophic APS in a 12-year-old Thai boy with multiple thromboembolic events including intracardiac thrombus formation with a positive lupus anticoagulant test result. To the best of our knowledge, this is the youngest reported patient with APS to date.Keywords: antiphospholipid syndrome, intracardiac thrombus, catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, antiphospholipid antibodies
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| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T21:55:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b24916fb5065461a9d51f60d51e1ef12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-2048 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T21:55:08Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vascular Health and Risk Management |
| spelling | doaj.art-b24916fb5065461a9d51f60d51e1ef122022-12-22T00:49:20ZengDove Medical PressVascular Health and Risk Management1178-20482019-08-01Volume 1525325847720Intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: an autopsy case report and review of the literatureWaisayarat JPlumworasawat SVilaiyuk SSirachainan NJariya Waisayarat,1 Sirithep Plumworasawat,1 Soamarat Vilaiyuk,2 Nongnuch Sirachainan21Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandAbstract: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoantibody-mediated acquired thrombophilia characterized by venous and/or arterial thromboses, pregnancy morbidity (predominantly repeated fetal losses), and the presence of phospholipid antibodies. The estimated annual incidence of APS is 5 new cases per 100,000 people. The most common thrombotic events in patients with APS in order of frequency are stroke, transient ischemic attack, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Patients with APS may develop an intracardiac thrombus, which is a life-threatening complication with a high risk of increased morbidity and mortality; however, it is treatable by surgical removal, extensive anticoagulant administration, and prevention of other complications. Catastrophic APS, which is a rare and severe condition diagnosed based on rapidly progressive thromboembolic events involving three or more organs, systems, or tissues, occurs in less than 1% of all patients with APS. We herein report an autopsy case of catastrophic APS in a 12-year-old Thai boy with multiple thromboembolic events including intracardiac thrombus formation with a positive lupus anticoagulant test result. To the best of our knowledge, this is the youngest reported patient with APS to date.Keywords: antiphospholipid syndrome, intracardiac thrombus, catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome, antiphospholipid antibodies https://www.dovepress.com/intracardiac-thrombus-in-a-patient-with-catastrophic-antiphospholipid--peer-reviewed-article-VHRMantiphospholipid syndromeintracardiac thrombuscatastrophic antiphospholipid syndromeantiphospholipid antibodies |
| spellingShingle | Waisayarat J Plumworasawat S Vilaiyuk S Sirachainan N Intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: an autopsy case report and review of the literature Vascular Health and Risk Management antiphospholipid syndrome intracardiac thrombus catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome antiphospholipid antibodies |
| title | Intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: an autopsy case report and review of the literature |
| title_full | Intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: an autopsy case report and review of the literature |
| title_fullStr | Intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: an autopsy case report and review of the literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: an autopsy case report and review of the literature |
| title_short | Intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome: an autopsy case report and review of the literature |
| title_sort | intracardiac thrombus in a patient with catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome an autopsy case report and review of the literature |
| topic | antiphospholipid syndrome intracardiac thrombus catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome antiphospholipid antibodies |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/intracardiac-thrombus-in-a-patient-with-catastrophic-antiphospholipid--peer-reviewed-article-VHRM |
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