Investigation of the Huge Tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake Using Ocean Floor Boreholes to the Fault Zone
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 343, named the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (JFAST), drilled ocean floor boreholes through the fault zone of the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki earthquake (M9.0) to enhance understanding of the rupture process and tsunami generation. This project investigat...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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The Oceanography Society
2014-06-01
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Series: | Oceanography |
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Online Access: | http://tos.org/oceanography/archive/27-2_mori.pdf |
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author | Jim Mori Frederick Chester Emily E. Brodsky Suichi Kodaira |
author_facet | Jim Mori Frederick Chester Emily E. Brodsky Suichi Kodaira |
author_sort | Jim Mori |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 343, named the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (JFAST), drilled ocean floor boreholes through the fault zone of the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki earthquake (M9.0) to enhance understanding of the rupture process and tsunami generation. This project investigated the very large fault slip that caused the devastating tsunami by making borehole stress measurements, sampling the plate boundary fault zone, and taking temperature measurements across the fault zone. The results show that the earthquake rupture occurred in a narrow fault zone (< 5 m). Based on both laboratory experiments on fault zone material and temperature monitoring of the fault zone, we show that the fault had very low friction during the earthquake. The low friction properties of the fault zone might be attributed to high smectite clay content of the sediment. These physical and frictional characteristics contributed to the unusually large fault slip that occurred during the earthquake and generated the tsunami. |
first_indexed | 2024-12-23T06:03:02Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-b24b563a542e4d11849ec0d7ac4be8c7 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1042-8275 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-23T06:03:02Z |
publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
publisher | The Oceanography Society |
record_format | Article |
series | Oceanography |
spelling | doaj.art-b24b563a542e4d11849ec0d7ac4be8c72022-12-21T17:57:37ZengThe Oceanography SocietyOceanography1042-82752014-06-0127213213710.5670/oceanog.2014.48Investigation of the Huge Tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake Using Ocean Floor Boreholes to the Fault ZoneJim Mori0Frederick Chester1Emily E. Brodsky2Suichi Kodaira3Kyoto UniversityTexas A&M UniversityUniversity of California, Santa CruzJAMSTECIntegrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 343, named the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (JFAST), drilled ocean floor boreholes through the fault zone of the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki earthquake (M9.0) to enhance understanding of the rupture process and tsunami generation. This project investigated the very large fault slip that caused the devastating tsunami by making borehole stress measurements, sampling the plate boundary fault zone, and taking temperature measurements across the fault zone. The results show that the earthquake rupture occurred in a narrow fault zone (< 5 m). Based on both laboratory experiments on fault zone material and temperature monitoring of the fault zone, we show that the fault had very low friction during the earthquake. The low friction properties of the fault zone might be attributed to high smectite clay content of the sediment. These physical and frictional characteristics contributed to the unusually large fault slip that occurred during the earthquake and generated the tsunami.http://tos.org/oceanography/archive/27-2_mori.pdfJapan TrenchIODP drillingscientific drillingJFASTocean borehole monitoringTohoku earthquake |
spellingShingle | Jim Mori Frederick Chester Emily E. Brodsky Suichi Kodaira Investigation of the Huge Tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake Using Ocean Floor Boreholes to the Fault Zone Oceanography Japan Trench IODP drilling scientific drilling JFAST ocean borehole monitoring Tohoku earthquake |
title | Investigation of the Huge Tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake Using Ocean Floor Boreholes to the Fault Zone |
title_full | Investigation of the Huge Tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake Using Ocean Floor Boreholes to the Fault Zone |
title_fullStr | Investigation of the Huge Tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake Using Ocean Floor Boreholes to the Fault Zone |
title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of the Huge Tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake Using Ocean Floor Boreholes to the Fault Zone |
title_short | Investigation of the Huge Tsunami from the 2011 Tōhoku-Oki, Japan, Earthquake Using Ocean Floor Boreholes to the Fault Zone |
title_sort | investigation of the huge tsunami from the 2011 tohoku oki japan earthquake using ocean floor boreholes to the fault zone |
topic | Japan Trench IODP drilling scientific drilling JFAST ocean borehole monitoring Tohoku earthquake |
url | http://tos.org/oceanography/archive/27-2_mori.pdf |
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