Thyroid Hormone Signaling Is Required for Dynamic Variation in Opsins in the Retina during Metamorphosis of the Japanese Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>)
In the present study, we investigated the function of thyroid hormones (TH) in visual remodeling during Japanese flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) metamorphosis through cellular molecular biology experiments. Our results showed that the expression of the five opsin genes of the fl...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/3/397 |
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| author | Yaxin Shi Yang Shi Wenyao Ji Xike Li Zhiyi Shi Jilun Hou Wenjuan Li Yuanshuai Fu |
| author_facet | Yaxin Shi Yang Shi Wenyao Ji Xike Li Zhiyi Shi Jilun Hou Wenjuan Li Yuanshuai Fu |
| author_sort | Yaxin Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the present study, we investigated the function of thyroid hormones (TH) in visual remodeling during Japanese flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) metamorphosis through cellular molecular biology experiments. Our results showed that the expression of the five opsin genes of the flounder were highest in eye tissue and varied with the metamorphosis process. The expression of <i>rh</i>1, <i>sws</i>2<i>aβ</i> and <i>lws</i> was positively regulated by exogenous TH, but inhibited by thiourea (TU) compared to the control group. In addition, there was a significant increase in <i>sws</i>2<i>aβ</i> and <i>lws</i> in the rescue experiments performed with TU-treated larvae (<i>p <</i> 0.05). Meanwhile, T3 levels in flounder larvae were increased by TH and decreased by TU. Based on the differences in the expression of the three isoforms of the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) (Trαa, Trαb and Trβ), we further hypothesized that T3 may directly or indirectly regulate the expression of <i>sws</i>2<i>aβ</i> through Trαa. This study demonstrates the regulatory role of TH in opsins during flounder metamorphosis and provides a basis for further investigation on the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of the retinal photoreceptor system in flounders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:54:48Z |
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| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:54:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b24b7e203b3c4d40a8490c70ed5d6d9e2023-11-17T09:41:37ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-03-0112339710.3390/biology12030397Thyroid Hormone Signaling Is Required for Dynamic Variation in Opsins in the Retina during Metamorphosis of the Japanese Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>)Yaxin Shi0Yang Shi1Wenyao Ji2Xike Li3Zhiyi Shi4Jilun Hou5Wenjuan Li6Yuanshuai Fu7Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaShanghai Food Research Institute, Shanghai 200235, ChinaKey Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaKey Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaKey Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaHebei Key Laboratory of the Bohai Sea Fish Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Beidaihe Central Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qinhuangdao 066100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaKey Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, ChinaIn the present study, we investigated the function of thyroid hormones (TH) in visual remodeling during Japanese flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) metamorphosis through cellular molecular biology experiments. Our results showed that the expression of the five opsin genes of the flounder were highest in eye tissue and varied with the metamorphosis process. The expression of <i>rh</i>1, <i>sws</i>2<i>aβ</i> and <i>lws</i> was positively regulated by exogenous TH, but inhibited by thiourea (TU) compared to the control group. In addition, there was a significant increase in <i>sws</i>2<i>aβ</i> and <i>lws</i> in the rescue experiments performed with TU-treated larvae (<i>p <</i> 0.05). Meanwhile, T3 levels in flounder larvae were increased by TH and decreased by TU. Based on the differences in the expression of the three isoforms of the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) (Trαa, Trαb and Trβ), we further hypothesized that T3 may directly or indirectly regulate the expression of <i>sws</i>2<i>aβ</i> through Trαa. This study demonstrates the regulatory role of TH in opsins during flounder metamorphosis and provides a basis for further investigation on the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of the retinal photoreceptor system in flounders.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/3/397<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>opsinthyroid hormonemetamorphosis |
| spellingShingle | Yaxin Shi Yang Shi Wenyao Ji Xike Li Zhiyi Shi Jilun Hou Wenjuan Li Yuanshuai Fu Thyroid Hormone Signaling Is Required for Dynamic Variation in Opsins in the Retina during Metamorphosis of the Japanese Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) Biology <i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i> opsin thyroid hormone metamorphosis |
| title | Thyroid Hormone Signaling Is Required for Dynamic Variation in Opsins in the Retina during Metamorphosis of the Japanese Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_full | Thyroid Hormone Signaling Is Required for Dynamic Variation in Opsins in the Retina during Metamorphosis of the Japanese Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Thyroid Hormone Signaling Is Required for Dynamic Variation in Opsins in the Retina during Metamorphosis of the Japanese Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thyroid Hormone Signaling Is Required for Dynamic Variation in Opsins in the Retina during Metamorphosis of the Japanese Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_short | Thyroid Hormone Signaling Is Required for Dynamic Variation in Opsins in the Retina during Metamorphosis of the Japanese Flounder (<i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i>) |
| title_sort | thyroid hormone signaling is required for dynamic variation in opsins in the retina during metamorphosis of the japanese flounder i paralichthys olivaceus i |
| topic | <i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i> opsin thyroid hormone metamorphosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/3/397 |
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