Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of tea tree essential oil (TTO) supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Five low fish meal (175 g kg−1) diets with grade levels of TTO (0, 0.2...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513422003763 |
| _version_ | 1828118698875944960 |
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| author | Xin Liu Hanyuan Deng Qiaoqing Xu Kai Luo Jiang Zhou Weihua Gao Zhuoduo Wang Haitao Zhang Xiaoqiu Zhou |
| author_facet | Xin Liu Hanyuan Deng Qiaoqing Xu Kai Luo Jiang Zhou Weihua Gao Zhuoduo Wang Haitao Zhang Xiaoqiu Zhou |
| author_sort | Xin Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was conducted to investigate the effects of tea tree essential oil (TTO) supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Five low fish meal (175 g kg−1) diets with grade levels of TTO (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg−1) were formulated to feed largemouth bass (initial weight: 15.06 ± 0.05 g) for 56 days. The results indicated that supplementation of dietary 1 g kg−1 TTO could significantly improve the weight gain rate, specific growth rate and protein deposition ratio, and decrease the feed conversion rate. The activities of gastric lipase and intestinal trypsin were enhanced by dietary TTO. The width of the intestinal villus was significantly elevated with dietary TTO level. In lipid metabolism parameters, the whole-body crude lipid content was increased and the liver crude lipid content was decreased in TTO treatment groups. The expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta was downregulated, and the mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 were upregulated in the liver by the addition of TTO. The contents of total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased, and the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly increased in serum by dietary TTO. In anti-oxidative parameters, catalase activities in the liver and superoxide dismutase activities in the liver, intestine and serum were elevated with dietary TTO level. Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in the liver, intestine and serum showed the opposite trend. The nf-e2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways in the liver and intestine were triggered by dietary TTO supplementation. In the immune indices, the contents of total protein and albumin were improved, and the contents of glucose, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase were declined in TTO treatment groups. However, hepatocyte swelling and nuclear migration were found in the liver sections of all groups. After Aeromonas hydrophila administration, the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling pathway was activated in the head-kidney, liver and intestine, and the expression levels of interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor beta 1 were increased in the head-kidney, spleen, liver and intestine by dietary TTO. In conclusion, dietary TTO in low fish meal diet could improve growth, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity, and reduce lipid deposition in the liver and serum of largemouth bass. The optimal level of TTO in low fish meal diet of largemouth bass ranged from 1.33 to 1.34 g kg−1. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:36:45Z |
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| id | doaj.art-b251f162127846eb81604b60eaf38b67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-5134 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:36:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Aquaculture Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-b251f162127846eb81604b60eaf38b672022-12-22T04:21:27ZengElsevierAquaculture Reports2352-51342022-12-0127101380Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)Xin Liu0Hanyuan Deng1Qiaoqing Xu2Kai Luo3Jiang Zhou4Weihua Gao5Zhuoduo Wang6Haitao Zhang7Xiaoqiu Zhou8Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434024, PR ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434024, PR ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434024, PR ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434024, PR ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434024, PR ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434024, PR China; Corresponding authors.Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., LTD, Zhanjiang 524002, PR China; Corresponding authors.Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., LTD, Zhanjiang 524002, PR ChinaAnimal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR ChinaThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of tea tree essential oil (TTO) supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Five low fish meal (175 g kg−1) diets with grade levels of TTO (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g kg−1) were formulated to feed largemouth bass (initial weight: 15.06 ± 0.05 g) for 56 days. The results indicated that supplementation of dietary 1 g kg−1 TTO could significantly improve the weight gain rate, specific growth rate and protein deposition ratio, and decrease the feed conversion rate. The activities of gastric lipase and intestinal trypsin were enhanced by dietary TTO. The width of the intestinal villus was significantly elevated with dietary TTO level. In lipid metabolism parameters, the whole-body crude lipid content was increased and the liver crude lipid content was decreased in TTO treatment groups. The expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta was downregulated, and the mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 were upregulated in the liver by the addition of TTO. The contents of total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased, and the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly increased in serum by dietary TTO. In anti-oxidative parameters, catalase activities in the liver and superoxide dismutase activities in the liver, intestine and serum were elevated with dietary TTO level. Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in the liver, intestine and serum showed the opposite trend. The nf-e2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathways in the liver and intestine were triggered by dietary TTO supplementation. In the immune indices, the contents of total protein and albumin were improved, and the contents of glucose, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase were declined in TTO treatment groups. However, hepatocyte swelling and nuclear migration were found in the liver sections of all groups. After Aeromonas hydrophila administration, the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling pathway was activated in the head-kidney, liver and intestine, and the expression levels of interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor beta 1 were increased in the head-kidney, spleen, liver and intestine by dietary TTO. In conclusion, dietary TTO in low fish meal diet could improve growth, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity, and reduce lipid deposition in the liver and serum of largemouth bass. The optimal level of TTO in low fish meal diet of largemouth bass ranged from 1.33 to 1.34 g kg−1.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513422003763Tea tree essential oilGrowthLipid metabolismAnti-oxidant capacityImmunity |
| spellingShingle | Xin Liu Hanyuan Deng Qiaoqing Xu Kai Luo Jiang Zhou Weihua Gao Zhuoduo Wang Haitao Zhang Xiaoqiu Zhou Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) Aquaculture Reports Tea tree essential oil Growth Lipid metabolism Anti-oxidant capacity Immunity |
| title | Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) |
| title_full | Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) |
| title_fullStr | Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) |
| title_short | Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) |
| title_sort | effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth lipid metabolism anti oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass micropterus salmoides |
| topic | Tea tree essential oil Growth Lipid metabolism Anti-oxidant capacity Immunity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513422003763 |
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