| Summary: | Introduction
Smoking prevalence remains high in China with a low cessation
motivation level, despite the government’s tobacco control efforts. There is a lack
of research specifically examining perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors related
to smoking cessation in this region, particularly from a theory-based deductive
perspective. Utilizing the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior)
model as a theoretical framework, this study aimed to identify facilitators and
barriers to smoking cessation among Chinese smokers.
Methods
The study employed semi-structured individual interviews with 40
participants. Each interview spanned approximately 30 minutes. The participants,
constituting both current and former smokers, were all aged ≥18 years (n=40).
Interview data were then examined using a directed content analysis approach.
Results
Analysis revealed three interrelated themes. Capability: Smokers face
challenges when resisting peer pressure and dealing with life after quitting.
They also lack knowledge about smoking, quitting techniques, and withdrawal
symptoms. Opportunity: Changing societal attitudes towards smoking create
opportunities for quitting, but these are hindered by inadequate cessation services
and a lack of family support. Motivation: Smokers' motivation to quit is mainly
driven by health concerns. Resistance to quitting often stems from the belief that
smoking is a personal choice or just a habit. Excessive emphasis on willpower
may hinder motivation to quit.
Conclusions
To enhance smoking cessation efforts in China, three key aspects
should be considered: capability, opportunity, and motivation. Publicity and
educational campaigns should target common misconceptions about smoking as
a personal freedom, correct the overemphasis on willpower, and widely promote
available cessation services. A crucial aspect is shifting societal norms to foster
anti-smoking sentiments. Effective strategies may involve using real-life stories
to illustrate smoking's health consequences, disseminating information about
cessation services in maternity centers, enhancing services through mobile health
initiatives, and empowering families to support smokers in their quit attempts.
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