CpxAR of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Contributes to Heat Stress Response by Repressing Expression of Type IV Pilus Gene apfA
ABSTRACT Acute pleuropneumonia in swine, caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, is characterized by a high and sustained fever. Fever creates an adverse environment for many bacteria, leading to reduced bacterial proliferation; however, most pathogenic bacteria can tolerate higher temperatures....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02523-22 |
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| author | Feng Liu Wei Peng Kang Yan Jing Huang Fangyan Yuan Qigai He Huanchun Chen Weicheng Bei |
| author_facet | Feng Liu Wei Peng Kang Yan Jing Huang Fangyan Yuan Qigai He Huanchun Chen Weicheng Bei |
| author_sort | Feng Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Acute pleuropneumonia in swine, caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, is characterized by a high and sustained fever. Fever creates an adverse environment for many bacteria, leading to reduced bacterial proliferation; however, most pathogenic bacteria can tolerate higher temperatures. CpxAR is a two-component regulation system, ubiquitous among Gram-negative bacteria, which senses and responds to envelope alterations that are mostly associated with protein misfolding in the periplasm. Our previous study showed that CpxAR is necessary for the optimal growth of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae under heat stress. Here, we showed that mutation of the type IV pilin gene apfA rescued the growth defect of the cpxAR deletion strain under heat stress. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses revealed that 265 genes were differentially expressed in the ΔcpxAR strains grown at 42°C, including genes involved in type IV pilus biosynthesis. We also demonstrated direct binding of the CpxR protein to the promoter of the apf operon by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay and identified the binding site by a DNase I footprinting assay. In conclusion, our results revealed the important role of CpxAR in A. pleuropneumoniae resistance to heat stress by directly suppressing the expression of ApfA. IMPORTANCE Heat acts as a danger signal for pathogens, especially those infecting mammalian hosts in whom fever indicates infection. However, some bacteria have evolved exquisite mechanisms to survive under heat stress. Studying the mechanism of resistance to heat stress is crucial to understanding the pathogenesis of A. pleuropneumoniae during the acute stage of infection. Our study revealed that CpxAR plays an important role in A. pleuropneumoniae resistance to heat stress by directly suppressing expression of the type IV pilin protein ApfA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:36:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b2664760ee894fd2b8823f79e3f84d44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T00:36:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2664760ee894fd2b8823f79e3f84d442022-12-22T03:55:08ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972022-12-0110610.1128/spectrum.02523-22CpxAR of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Contributes to Heat Stress Response by Repressing Expression of Type IV Pilus Gene apfAFeng Liu0Wei Peng1Kang Yan2Jing Huang3Fangyan Yuan4Qigai He5Huanchun Chen6Weicheng Bei7State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaSchool of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture), Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, ChinaABSTRACT Acute pleuropneumonia in swine, caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, is characterized by a high and sustained fever. Fever creates an adverse environment for many bacteria, leading to reduced bacterial proliferation; however, most pathogenic bacteria can tolerate higher temperatures. CpxAR is a two-component regulation system, ubiquitous among Gram-negative bacteria, which senses and responds to envelope alterations that are mostly associated with protein misfolding in the periplasm. Our previous study showed that CpxAR is necessary for the optimal growth of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae under heat stress. Here, we showed that mutation of the type IV pilin gene apfA rescued the growth defect of the cpxAR deletion strain under heat stress. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses revealed that 265 genes were differentially expressed in the ΔcpxAR strains grown at 42°C, including genes involved in type IV pilus biosynthesis. We also demonstrated direct binding of the CpxR protein to the promoter of the apf operon by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay and identified the binding site by a DNase I footprinting assay. In conclusion, our results revealed the important role of CpxAR in A. pleuropneumoniae resistance to heat stress by directly suppressing the expression of ApfA. IMPORTANCE Heat acts as a danger signal for pathogens, especially those infecting mammalian hosts in whom fever indicates infection. However, some bacteria have evolved exquisite mechanisms to survive under heat stress. Studying the mechanism of resistance to heat stress is crucial to understanding the pathogenesis of A. pleuropneumoniae during the acute stage of infection. Our study revealed that CpxAR plays an important role in A. pleuropneumoniae resistance to heat stress by directly suppressing expression of the type IV pilin protein ApfA.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02523-22Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeheat stressTCSCpxARtype IV pilus |
| spellingShingle | Feng Liu Wei Peng Kang Yan Jing Huang Fangyan Yuan Qigai He Huanchun Chen Weicheng Bei CpxAR of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Contributes to Heat Stress Response by Repressing Expression of Type IV Pilus Gene apfA Microbiology Spectrum Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae heat stress TCS CpxAR type IV pilus |
| title | CpxAR of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Contributes to Heat Stress Response by Repressing Expression of Type IV Pilus Gene apfA |
| title_full | CpxAR of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Contributes to Heat Stress Response by Repressing Expression of Type IV Pilus Gene apfA |
| title_fullStr | CpxAR of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Contributes to Heat Stress Response by Repressing Expression of Type IV Pilus Gene apfA |
| title_full_unstemmed | CpxAR of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Contributes to Heat Stress Response by Repressing Expression of Type IV Pilus Gene apfA |
| title_short | CpxAR of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Contributes to Heat Stress Response by Repressing Expression of Type IV Pilus Gene apfA |
| title_sort | cpxar of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae contributes to heat stress response by repressing expression of type iv pilus gene apfa |
| topic | Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae heat stress TCS CpxAR type IV pilus |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.02523-22 |
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