Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial Applications
We carried out trials on the commercial applications of nitrogen in different industrial structures, using phosphine-susceptible and -resistant populations of three stored product beetle species, the red flour beetle, <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/607 |
| _version_ | 1797614091522539520 |
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| author | Maria K. Sakka Christos G. Athanassiou |
| author_facet | Maria K. Sakka Christos G. Athanassiou |
| author_sort | Maria K. Sakka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We carried out trials on the commercial applications of nitrogen in different industrial structures, using phosphine-susceptible and -resistant populations of three stored product beetle species, the red flour beetle, <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the rice weevil, <i>Sitophilus oryzae</i> (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the saw-toothed grain beetle, <i>Oryzaephilus surinamensis</i> (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Twelve different trials were conducted in total, five in chambers and seven in large silos in Greece, following different temperatures and exposure times. In most of our trials, complete mortality was recorded, with the exception of two silos in which survival was recorded for <i>T. castaneum</i> and <i>O. surinamensis</i>, while <i>S. oryzae</i> was classified as the most susceptible species. Moreover, low or no progeny production was recorded for most of the trials. Our results indicate that nitrogen, through the reduction in the oxygen level, could be used for the control of stored product insects that are resistant to phosphine, and can be further utilized in resistance management strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b26650359bee4b9b8a82a45363b8c803 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-b26650359bee4b9b8a82a45363b8c8032023-11-17T09:00:48ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-03-0113360710.3390/agriculture13030607Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial ApplicationsMaria K. Sakka0Christos G. Athanassiou1Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos Magnesia, GreeceLaboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos Magnesia, GreeceWe carried out trials on the commercial applications of nitrogen in different industrial structures, using phosphine-susceptible and -resistant populations of three stored product beetle species, the red flour beetle, <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the rice weevil, <i>Sitophilus oryzae</i> (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and the saw-toothed grain beetle, <i>Oryzaephilus surinamensis</i> (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Twelve different trials were conducted in total, five in chambers and seven in large silos in Greece, following different temperatures and exposure times. In most of our trials, complete mortality was recorded, with the exception of two silos in which survival was recorded for <i>T. castaneum</i> and <i>O. surinamensis</i>, while <i>S. oryzae</i> was classified as the most susceptible species. Moreover, low or no progeny production was recorded for most of the trials. Our results indicate that nitrogen, through the reduction in the oxygen level, could be used for the control of stored product insects that are resistant to phosphine, and can be further utilized in resistance management strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/607nitrogenchamberssiloslow oxygentemperatureexposure time |
| spellingShingle | Maria K. Sakka Christos G. Athanassiou Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial Applications Agriculture nitrogen chambers silos low oxygen temperature exposure time |
| title | Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial Applications |
| title_full | Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial Applications |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial Applications |
| title_short | Efficacy of Nitrogen against Stored Product Insects with Different Susceptibility Levels to Phosphine in Industrial Applications |
| title_sort | efficacy of nitrogen against stored product insects with different susceptibility levels to phosphine in industrial applications |
| topic | nitrogen chambers silos low oxygen temperature exposure time |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/607 |
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