The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney Function
Chronic low-grade inflammation is a key contributor to the progression of kidney disease. The release of cytokines and other pro-inflammatory proteins may further contribute to detrimental kidney health by increasing interstitial edema and renal fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to investig...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/4/114 |
| _version_ | 1827621211499134976 |
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| author | Selena K. Tavener Dennis E. Jewell Kiran S. Panickar |
| author_facet | Selena K. Tavener Dennis E. Jewell Kiran S. Panickar |
| author_sort | Selena K. Tavener |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chronic low-grade inflammation is a key contributor to the progression of kidney disease. The release of cytokines and other pro-inflammatory proteins may further contribute to detrimental kidney health by increasing interstitial edema and renal fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inflammatory markers in canines who developed renal disease naturally and were diagnosed with renal disease either during life or following necropsy, as assessed by a veterinarian. RNA was isolated from canine blood obtained at necropsy and stored as bioarchived samples from ten canines with renal disease (9.6–14.7 yr) and ten controls (10.1–14.8 yr). At the time of death, the mean blood creatinine concentration and BUN were elevated in dogs with renal disease compared to control (both <i>p</i> < 0.01). Samples were assessed for changes in gene expression using the Canine cytokine RT<sup>2</sup> Profiler PCR Array for inflammation. There was a significant increase in C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 (CCL16), C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 (CXCL5), Interleukin 16 (IL-16), and Complement Component 5 (C5) (all <i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. con). In addition, there was also a statistically non-significant increase in 49 genes and a down-regulation in 35 genes from a panel of total 84 genes. Pro-inflammatory genes including CCL16, CXCL5, IL-16, and C5 can all contribute to renal inflammation and fibrosis through different signaling pathways and may lead to a progressive impairment of kidney function. Blockade of their activation may be important in ameliorating the initiation and/or the progression of renal disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:00:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b2713e9115564bb982f5422d8aefa7c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1467-3037 1467-3045 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:00:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Issues in Molecular Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2713e9115564bb982f5422d8aefa7c72023-12-01T01:20:56ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452022-04-014441664167610.3390/cimb44040114The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney FunctionSelena K. Tavener0Dennis E. Jewell1Kiran S. Panickar2Science & Technology Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS 66617, USADepartment of Grain Science & Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAScience & Technology Center, Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS 66617, USAChronic low-grade inflammation is a key contributor to the progression of kidney disease. The release of cytokines and other pro-inflammatory proteins may further contribute to detrimental kidney health by increasing interstitial edema and renal fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inflammatory markers in canines who developed renal disease naturally and were diagnosed with renal disease either during life or following necropsy, as assessed by a veterinarian. RNA was isolated from canine blood obtained at necropsy and stored as bioarchived samples from ten canines with renal disease (9.6–14.7 yr) and ten controls (10.1–14.8 yr). At the time of death, the mean blood creatinine concentration and BUN were elevated in dogs with renal disease compared to control (both <i>p</i> < 0.01). Samples were assessed for changes in gene expression using the Canine cytokine RT<sup>2</sup> Profiler PCR Array for inflammation. There was a significant increase in C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 (CCL16), C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 (CXCL5), Interleukin 16 (IL-16), and Complement Component 5 (C5) (all <i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. con). In addition, there was also a statistically non-significant increase in 49 genes and a down-regulation in 35 genes from a panel of total 84 genes. Pro-inflammatory genes including CCL16, CXCL5, IL-16, and C5 can all contribute to renal inflammation and fibrosis through different signaling pathways and may lead to a progressive impairment of kidney function. Blockade of their activation may be important in ameliorating the initiation and/or the progression of renal disease.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/4/114immunerenalinflammationPCRhistopathology |
| spellingShingle | Selena K. Tavener Dennis E. Jewell Kiran S. Panickar The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney Function Current Issues in Molecular Biology immune renal inflammation PCR histopathology |
| title | The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney Function |
| title_full | The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney Function |
| title_fullStr | The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney Function |
| title_short | The Increase in Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines, Cytokines, and Complement C5 in Canines with Impaired Kidney Function |
| title_sort | increase in circulating levels of pro inflammatory chemokines cytokines and complement c5 in canines with impaired kidney function |
| topic | immune renal inflammation PCR histopathology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/4/114 |
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