Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program.
BACKGROUND: Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are key components in malaria prevention and control strategy. However, the development of resistance by mosquitoes to insecticides recommended for IRS and/or ITNs/LLINs would affec...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2011-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3020220?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819040611816177664 |
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| author | Delenasaw Yewhalaw Fantahun Wassie Walter Steurbaut Pieter Spanoghe Wim Van Bortel Leen Denis Dejene A Tessema Yehenew Getachew Marc Coosemans Luc Duchateau Niko Speybroeck |
| author_facet | Delenasaw Yewhalaw Fantahun Wassie Walter Steurbaut Pieter Spanoghe Wim Van Bortel Leen Denis Dejene A Tessema Yehenew Getachew Marc Coosemans Luc Duchateau Niko Speybroeck |
| author_sort | Delenasaw Yewhalaw |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are key components in malaria prevention and control strategy. However, the development of resistance by mosquitoes to insecticides recommended for IRS and/or ITNs/LLINs would affect insecticide-based malaria vector control. We assessed the susceptibility levels of Anopheles arabiensis to insecticides used in malaria control, characterized basic mechanisms underlying resistance, and evaluated the role of public health use of insecticides in resistance selection. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Susceptibility status of An. arabiensis was assessed using WHO bioassay tests to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin, malathion and propoxur in Ethiopia from August to September 2009. Mosquito specimens were screened for knockdown resistance (kdr) and insensitive acetylcholinesterase (ace-1(R)) mutations using AS-PCR and PCR-RFLP, respectively. DDT residues level in soil from human dwellings and the surrounding environment were determined by Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detector. An. arabiensis was resistant to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin and malathion, but susceptible to propoxur. The West African kdr allele was found in 280 specimens out of 284 with a frequency ranged from 95% to 100%. Ace-1(R) mutation was not detected in all specimens scored for the allele. Moreover, DDT residues were found in soil samples from human dwellings but not in the surrounding environment. CONCLUSION: The observed multiple-resistance coupled with the occurrence of high kdr frequency in populations of An. arabiensis could profoundly affect the malaria vector control programme in Ethiopia. This needs an urgent call for implementing rational resistance management strategies and integrated vector control intervention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T09:11:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b285c971fe7f425d86c3f9e0a20abd7d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T09:11:51Z |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-b285c971fe7f425d86c3f9e0a20abd7d2022-12-21T19:09:13ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032011-01-0161e1606610.1371/journal.pone.0016066Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program.Delenasaw YewhalawFantahun WassieWalter SteurbautPieter SpanogheWim Van BortelLeen DenisDejene A TessemaYehenew GetachewMarc CoosemansLuc DuchateauNiko SpeybroeckBACKGROUND: Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are key components in malaria prevention and control strategy. However, the development of resistance by mosquitoes to insecticides recommended for IRS and/or ITNs/LLINs would affect insecticide-based malaria vector control. We assessed the susceptibility levels of Anopheles arabiensis to insecticides used in malaria control, characterized basic mechanisms underlying resistance, and evaluated the role of public health use of insecticides in resistance selection. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Susceptibility status of An. arabiensis was assessed using WHO bioassay tests to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin, malathion and propoxur in Ethiopia from August to September 2009. Mosquito specimens were screened for knockdown resistance (kdr) and insensitive acetylcholinesterase (ace-1(R)) mutations using AS-PCR and PCR-RFLP, respectively. DDT residues level in soil from human dwellings and the surrounding environment were determined by Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detector. An. arabiensis was resistant to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin and malathion, but susceptible to propoxur. The West African kdr allele was found in 280 specimens out of 284 with a frequency ranged from 95% to 100%. Ace-1(R) mutation was not detected in all specimens scored for the allele. Moreover, DDT residues were found in soil samples from human dwellings but not in the surrounding environment. CONCLUSION: The observed multiple-resistance coupled with the occurrence of high kdr frequency in populations of An. arabiensis could profoundly affect the malaria vector control programme in Ethiopia. This needs an urgent call for implementing rational resistance management strategies and integrated vector control intervention.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3020220?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Delenasaw Yewhalaw Fantahun Wassie Walter Steurbaut Pieter Spanoghe Wim Van Bortel Leen Denis Dejene A Tessema Yehenew Getachew Marc Coosemans Luc Duchateau Niko Speybroeck Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program. PLoS ONE |
| title | Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program. |
| title_full | Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program. |
| title_fullStr | Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program. |
| title_short | Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program. |
| title_sort | multiple insecticide resistance an impediment to insecticide based malaria vector control program |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3020220?pdf=render |
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