Characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from Shanghai, China
An intensive investigation of carbonaceous PM<sub>2.5</sub> and TSP (total suspended particles) from Pudong (China) was conducted as part of the MIRAGE-Shanghai (Megacities Impact on Regional and Global Environment) experiment in 2009. Data for organic and elemental carbo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/803/2013/acp-13-803-2013.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818043798835429376 |
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| author | J.-J. Cao C.-S. Zhu X.-X. Tie F.-H. Geng H.-M. Xu S. S. H. Ho G.-H. Wang Y.-M. Han K.-F. Ho |
| author_facet | J.-J. Cao C.-S. Zhu X.-X. Tie F.-H. Geng H.-M. Xu S. S. H. Ho G.-H. Wang Y.-M. Han K.-F. Ho |
| author_sort | J.-J. Cao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | An intensive investigation of carbonaceous PM<sub>2.5</sub> and TSP (total suspended particles) from Pudong (China) was conducted as part of the MIRAGE-Shanghai (Megacities Impact on Regional and Global Environment) experiment in 2009. Data for organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), organic species, including C17 to C40 <i>n</i>-alkanes and 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and stable carbon isotopes OC (&delta;<sup>13</sup>C<sub>OC</sub>) and EC (&delta;<sup>13</sup>C<sub>EC</sub>) were used to evaluate the aerosols' temporal variations and identify presumptive sources. High OC/EC ratios indicated a large fraction of secondary organic aerosol (SOA); high char/soot ratios indicated stronger contributions to EC from motor vehicles and coal combustion than biomass burning. Diagnostic ratios of PAHs indicated that much of the SOA was produced via coal combustion. Isotope abundances (&delta;<sup>13</sup>C<sub>OC</sub> = −24.5 ± 0.8&permil; and &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<sub>EC</sub> = −25.1 ± 0.6&permil;) indicated that fossil fuels were the most important source for carbonaceous PM<sub>2.5</sub> (particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter), with lesser impacts from biomass burning and natural sources. An EC tracer system and isotope mass balance calculations showed that the relative contributions to total carbon from coal combustion, motor vehicle exhaust, and SOA were 41%, 21%, and 31%; other primary sources such as marine, soil and biogenic emissions contributed 7%. Combined analyses of OC and EC, <i>n</i>-alkanes and PAHs, and stable carbon isotopes provide a new way to apportion the sources of carbonaceous particles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:07:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b28bf9a05e5c44dd81b0239b3d8ba23c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:07:57Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
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| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b28bf9a05e5c44dd81b0239b3d8ba23c2022-12-22T01:55:06ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242013-01-0113280381710.5194/acp-13-803-2013Characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from Shanghai, ChinaJ.-J. CaoC.-S. ZhuX.-X. TieF.-H. GengH.-M. XuS. S. H. HoG.-H. WangY.-M. HanK.-F. HoAn intensive investigation of carbonaceous PM<sub>2.5</sub> and TSP (total suspended particles) from Pudong (China) was conducted as part of the MIRAGE-Shanghai (Megacities Impact on Regional and Global Environment) experiment in 2009. Data for organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), organic species, including C17 to C40 <i>n</i>-alkanes and 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and stable carbon isotopes OC (&delta;<sup>13</sup>C<sub>OC</sub>) and EC (&delta;<sup>13</sup>C<sub>EC</sub>) were used to evaluate the aerosols' temporal variations and identify presumptive sources. High OC/EC ratios indicated a large fraction of secondary organic aerosol (SOA); high char/soot ratios indicated stronger contributions to EC from motor vehicles and coal combustion than biomass burning. Diagnostic ratios of PAHs indicated that much of the SOA was produced via coal combustion. Isotope abundances (&delta;<sup>13</sup>C<sub>OC</sub> = −24.5 ± 0.8&permil; and &delta;<sup>13</sup>C<sub>EC</sub> = −25.1 ± 0.6&permil;) indicated that fossil fuels were the most important source for carbonaceous PM<sub>2.5</sub> (particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter), with lesser impacts from biomass burning and natural sources. An EC tracer system and isotope mass balance calculations showed that the relative contributions to total carbon from coal combustion, motor vehicle exhaust, and SOA were 41%, 21%, and 31%; other primary sources such as marine, soil and biogenic emissions contributed 7%. Combined analyses of OC and EC, <i>n</i>-alkanes and PAHs, and stable carbon isotopes provide a new way to apportion the sources of carbonaceous particles.http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/803/2013/acp-13-803-2013.pdf |
| spellingShingle | J.-J. Cao C.-S. Zhu X.-X. Tie F.-H. Geng H.-M. Xu S. S. H. Ho G.-H. Wang Y.-M. Han K.-F. Ho Characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from Shanghai, China Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from Shanghai, China |
| title_full | Characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from Shanghai, China |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from Shanghai, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from Shanghai, China |
| title_short | Characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from Shanghai, China |
| title_sort | characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosols from shanghai china |
| url | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/13/803/2013/acp-13-803-2013.pdf |
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