Phenol Degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3
Phenol poses a threat as one of the most important industrial environmental pollutants that must be removed before disposal. Biodegradation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for phenol removal. This work aimed at studying phenol degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phena...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/524 |
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| author | Stamatia Asimakoula Orfeas Marinakos Epameinondas Tsagogiannis Anna-Irini Koukkou |
| author_facet | Stamatia Asimakoula Orfeas Marinakos Epameinondas Tsagogiannis Anna-Irini Koukkou |
| author_sort | Stamatia Asimakoula |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phenol poses a threat as one of the most important industrial environmental pollutants that must be removed before disposal. Biodegradation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for phenol removal. This work aimed at studying phenol degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 cells and also, investigating the pathway used by the bacterium for phenol catabolism. Moreover, alginate-immobilized Sphe3 cells were studied in terms of phenol degradation efficiency compared to free cells. Sphe3 was found to be capable of growing in the presence of phenol as the sole source of carbon and energy, at concentrations up to 1500 mg/L. According to qPCR findings, both pathways of <i>ortho</i>- and <i>meta</i>-cleavage of catechol are active, however, enzymatic assays and intermediate products identification support the predominance of the <i>ortho</i>-metabolic pathway for phenol degradation. Alginate-entrapped Sphe3 cells completely degraded 1000 mg/L phenol after 192 h, even though phenol catabolism proceeds slower in the first 24 h compared to free cells. Immobilized Sphe3 cells retain phenol-degrading capacity even after 30 days of storage and also can be reused for at least five cycles retaining more than 75% of the original phenol-catabolizing capacity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:23:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b294ad5afe094cf8a759390df1d81484 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:23:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-b294ad5afe094cf8a759390df1d814842023-11-16T22:17:05ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-02-0111252410.3390/microorganisms11020524Phenol Degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3Stamatia Asimakoula0Orfeas Marinakos1Epameinondas Tsagogiannis2Anna-Irini Koukkou3Laboratory of Biochemistry, Sector of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceLaboratory of Biochemistry, Sector of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceLaboratory of Biochemistry, Sector of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreeceLaboratory of Biochemistry, Sector of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, GreecePhenol poses a threat as one of the most important industrial environmental pollutants that must be removed before disposal. Biodegradation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for phenol removal. This work aimed at studying phenol degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 cells and also, investigating the pathway used by the bacterium for phenol catabolism. Moreover, alginate-immobilized Sphe3 cells were studied in terms of phenol degradation efficiency compared to free cells. Sphe3 was found to be capable of growing in the presence of phenol as the sole source of carbon and energy, at concentrations up to 1500 mg/L. According to qPCR findings, both pathways of <i>ortho</i>- and <i>meta</i>-cleavage of catechol are active, however, enzymatic assays and intermediate products identification support the predominance of the <i>ortho</i>-metabolic pathway for phenol degradation. Alginate-entrapped Sphe3 cells completely degraded 1000 mg/L phenol after 192 h, even though phenol catabolism proceeds slower in the first 24 h compared to free cells. Immobilized Sphe3 cells retain phenol-degrading capacity even after 30 days of storage and also can be reused for at least five cycles retaining more than 75% of the original phenol-catabolizing capacity.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/524phenolbiodegradation<i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3<i>ortho</i>-cleavage pathwayphenol hydroxylasecatechol dioxygenase |
| spellingShingle | Stamatia Asimakoula Orfeas Marinakos Epameinondas Tsagogiannis Anna-Irini Koukkou Phenol Degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 Microorganisms phenol biodegradation <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 <i>ortho</i>-cleavage pathway phenol hydroxylase catechol dioxygenase |
| title | Phenol Degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 |
| title_full | Phenol Degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 |
| title_fullStr | Phenol Degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenol Degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 |
| title_short | Phenol Degradation by <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 |
| title_sort | phenol degradation by i pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans i sphe3 |
| topic | phenol biodegradation <i>Pseudarthrobacter phenanthrenivorans</i> Sphe3 <i>ortho</i>-cleavage pathway phenol hydroxylase catechol dioxygenase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/2/524 |
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