Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG): Effect of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Infection
In many parts of the world, bovine tuberculosis eradication efforts are hampered by wildlife reservoirs of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>, which serve as a constant source of <i>M. bovis</i> for nearby cattle. The human tuberculosis vaccine, <i>M. bovis</i> BCG has be...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/10/2488 |
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| author | Mitchell V. Palmer Carly Kanipe Kimberly A. Lehman Tyler C. Thacker Ellie J. Putz Paola M. Boggiatto |
| author_facet | Mitchell V. Palmer Carly Kanipe Kimberly A. Lehman Tyler C. Thacker Ellie J. Putz Paola M. Boggiatto |
| author_sort | Mitchell V. Palmer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In many parts of the world, bovine tuberculosis eradication efforts are hampered by wildlife reservoirs of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>, which serve as a constant source of <i>M. bovis</i> for nearby cattle. The human tuberculosis vaccine, <i>M. bovis</i> BCG has been investigated for use in several wildlife species, including deer. In the US, white-tailed deer in Michigan have been the source of infection for over 82 cattle herds since <i>M. bovis</i> was discovered in free-ranging deer in 1995. The efficacy of BCG may be influenced by many factors, including prior exposure or infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria, that is, species other than members of the <i>M. tuberculosis</i> complex. <i>M. avium</i> subspecies <i>paratuberculosis</i> (<i>Map</i>) infection is not uncommon in ruminants such as deer. Using natural exposure to <i>Map</i> and experimental infection with <i>M. bovis,</i> we demonstrate that <i>Map</i> infection increased BCG vaccine efficacy as measured by lesion severity scores. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:01:54Z |
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| id | doaj.art-b29cb7712ce449f9b33c2a0c5ebb996a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:01:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b29cb7712ce449f9b33c2a0c5ebb996a2023-11-19T17:27:32ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-10-011110248810.3390/microorganisms11102488Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG): Effect of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> InfectionMitchell V. Palmer0Carly Kanipe1Kimberly A. Lehman2Tyler C. Thacker3Ellie J. Putz4Paola M. Boggiatto5Bacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USABacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USANational Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USANational Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USABacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USABacterial Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USAIn many parts of the world, bovine tuberculosis eradication efforts are hampered by wildlife reservoirs of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>, which serve as a constant source of <i>M. bovis</i> for nearby cattle. The human tuberculosis vaccine, <i>M. bovis</i> BCG has been investigated for use in several wildlife species, including deer. In the US, white-tailed deer in Michigan have been the source of infection for over 82 cattle herds since <i>M. bovis</i> was discovered in free-ranging deer in 1995. The efficacy of BCG may be influenced by many factors, including prior exposure or infection with non-tuberculous mycobacteria, that is, species other than members of the <i>M. tuberculosis</i> complex. <i>M. avium</i> subspecies <i>paratuberculosis</i> (<i>Map</i>) infection is not uncommon in ruminants such as deer. Using natural exposure to <i>Map</i> and experimental infection with <i>M. bovis,</i> we demonstrate that <i>Map</i> infection increased BCG vaccine efficacy as measured by lesion severity scores.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/10/2488BCGJohne’s diseasemycobacteriaparatuberculosistuberculosiswhite-tailed deer |
| spellingShingle | Mitchell V. Palmer Carly Kanipe Kimberly A. Lehman Tyler C. Thacker Ellie J. Putz Paola M. Boggiatto Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG): Effect of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Infection Microorganisms BCG Johne’s disease mycobacteria paratuberculosis tuberculosis white-tailed deer |
| title | Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG): Effect of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Infection |
| title_full | Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG): Effect of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Infection |
| title_fullStr | Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG): Effect of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG): Effect of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Infection |
| title_short | Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer with <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG): Effect of <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> ssp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Infection |
| title_sort | vaccination of white tailed deer with i mycobacterium bovis i bacillus calmette guerin bcg effect of i mycobacterium avium i ssp i paratuberculosis i infection |
| topic | BCG Johne’s disease mycobacteria paratuberculosis tuberculosis white-tailed deer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/10/2488 |
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