Influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on MRSA biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatment
IntroductionOne of the main causes of treatment failure in bacterial prosthetic joint infections (PJI) is biofilm formation. The topography of the biofilm may be associated with susceptibility to antimicrobial treatment. The aims of this study were to assess differences in topography of biofilms on...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1145210/full |
| _version_ | 1797843463112228864 |
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| author | Sven C. J. van Dun Mariëlle Verheul Bart G. C. W. Pijls Joffrey van Prehn Henk Scheper Federica Galli Peter H. Nibbering Mark G. J. de Boer |
| author_facet | Sven C. J. van Dun Mariëlle Verheul Bart G. C. W. Pijls Joffrey van Prehn Henk Scheper Federica Galli Peter H. Nibbering Mark G. J. de Boer |
| author_sort | Sven C. J. van Dun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionOne of the main causes of treatment failure in bacterial prosthetic joint infections (PJI) is biofilm formation. The topography of the biofilm may be associated with susceptibility to antimicrobial treatment. The aims of this study were to assess differences in topography of biofilms on different implant materials and the correlation thereof with susceptibility to antimicrobial treatment.MethodsMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 7-day mature biofilms were generated on disks made from titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-7Nb and Ti-6Al-4V), synthetic polymer and orthopedic bone cement, commonly used in implant surgery. The surface topography of these implant materials and the biofilms cultured on them was assessed using atomic force microscopy. This provided detailed images, as well as average roughness (Ra) and peak-to-valley roughness (Rt) values in nanometers, of the biofilm and the material surfaces. Bacterial counts within biofilms were assessed microbiologically. Antimicrobial treatment of biofilms was performed by 24-h exposure to the combination of rifampicin and ciprofloxacin in concentrations of 1-, 5- and 10-times the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Finally, treatment-induced differences in bacterial loads and their correlation with biofilm surface parameters were assessed.ResultsThe biofilm surfaces on titanium alloys Ti-6Al-7Nb (Ra = 186 nm) and Ti-6Al-4V (Ra = 270 nm) were less rough than those of biofilms on silicone (Ra = 636 nm). The highest roughness was observed for biofilms on orthopedic bone cement with an Ra of 1,551 nm. Interestingly, the roughness parameters of the titanium alloys themselves were lower than the value for silicone, whereas the surface of the bone cement was the roughest. Treatment with 1- and 5-times the MBC of antibiotics resulted in inter-material differences in colony forming units (CFU) counts, ultimately showing comparable reductions of 2.4–3.0 log CFU/mL at the highest tested concentration. No significant differences in bacterial loads within MRSA biofilms were observed between the various implant materials, upon exposure to increasing concentrations of antibiotics.DiscussionThe surface parameters of MRSA biofilms were determined by those of the implant materials on which they were formed. The antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA biofilms on the various tested implant materials did not differ, indicating that the efficacy of antibiotics was not affected by the roughness of the biofilm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:05:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b2a26b91cbf14ef08ea41b6078f3352d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:05:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2a26b91cbf14ef08ea41b6078f3352d2023-04-20T17:26:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2023-04-011410.3389/fmicb.2023.11452101145210Influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on MRSA biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatmentSven C. J. van Dun0Mariëlle Verheul1Bart G. C. W. Pijls2Joffrey van Prehn3Henk Scheper4Federica Galli5Peter H. Nibbering6Mark G. J. de Boer7Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, NetherlandsDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, NetherlandsDepartment of Orthopedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, NetherlandsDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, NetherlandsLeiden Institute of Physics, Leiden, NetherlandsDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, NetherlandsDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, NetherlandsIntroductionOne of the main causes of treatment failure in bacterial prosthetic joint infections (PJI) is biofilm formation. The topography of the biofilm may be associated with susceptibility to antimicrobial treatment. The aims of this study were to assess differences in topography of biofilms on different implant materials and the correlation thereof with susceptibility to antimicrobial treatment.MethodsMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 7-day mature biofilms were generated on disks made from titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-7Nb and Ti-6Al-4V), synthetic polymer and orthopedic bone cement, commonly used in implant surgery. The surface topography of these implant materials and the biofilms cultured on them was assessed using atomic force microscopy. This provided detailed images, as well as average roughness (Ra) and peak-to-valley roughness (Rt) values in nanometers, of the biofilm and the material surfaces. Bacterial counts within biofilms were assessed microbiologically. Antimicrobial treatment of biofilms was performed by 24-h exposure to the combination of rifampicin and ciprofloxacin in concentrations of 1-, 5- and 10-times the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Finally, treatment-induced differences in bacterial loads and their correlation with biofilm surface parameters were assessed.ResultsThe biofilm surfaces on titanium alloys Ti-6Al-7Nb (Ra = 186 nm) and Ti-6Al-4V (Ra = 270 nm) were less rough than those of biofilms on silicone (Ra = 636 nm). The highest roughness was observed for biofilms on orthopedic bone cement with an Ra of 1,551 nm. Interestingly, the roughness parameters of the titanium alloys themselves were lower than the value for silicone, whereas the surface of the bone cement was the roughest. Treatment with 1- and 5-times the MBC of antibiotics resulted in inter-material differences in colony forming units (CFU) counts, ultimately showing comparable reductions of 2.4–3.0 log CFU/mL at the highest tested concentration. No significant differences in bacterial loads within MRSA biofilms were observed between the various implant materials, upon exposure to increasing concentrations of antibiotics.DiscussionThe surface parameters of MRSA biofilms were determined by those of the implant materials on which they were formed. The antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA biofilms on the various tested implant materials did not differ, indicating that the efficacy of antibiotics was not affected by the roughness of the biofilm.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1145210/fullPJIStaphylococcus aureusMRSAbiofilmatomic force microscopy (AFM) |
| spellingShingle | Sven C. J. van Dun Mariëlle Verheul Bart G. C. W. Pijls Joffrey van Prehn Henk Scheper Federica Galli Peter H. Nibbering Mark G. J. de Boer Influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on MRSA biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatment Frontiers in Microbiology PJI Staphylococcus aureus MRSA biofilm atomic force microscopy (AFM) |
| title | Influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on MRSA biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatment |
| title_full | Influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on MRSA biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatment |
| title_fullStr | Influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on MRSA biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on MRSA biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatment |
| title_short | Influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on MRSA biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatment |
| title_sort | influence of surface characteristics of implant materials on mrsa biofilm formation and effects of antimicrobial treatment |
| topic | PJI Staphylococcus aureus MRSA biofilm atomic force microscopy (AFM) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1145210/full |
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