Heavy metal distribution frequency in Iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central Iran, Yazd, 2012

Aims: This study aimed to determine the concentration of heavy metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in rice samples in Yazd markets. Materials and Methods: In this study, 108 rice samples were collected from 36 different brands including 26 imported and 10 Iranian rice varieti...

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Main Authors: Reza Morekian, Maryam Mirlohi, Leila Azadbakht, Mohammad Reza Maracy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2013-01-01
Series:International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.ijehe.org/article.asp?issn=2277-9183;year=2013;volume=2;issue=1;spage=36;epage=36;aulast=Morekian
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author Reza Morekian
Maryam Mirlohi
Leila Azadbakht
Mohammad Reza Maracy
author_facet Reza Morekian
Maryam Mirlohi
Leila Azadbakht
Mohammad Reza Maracy
author_sort Reza Morekian
collection DOAJ
description Aims: This study aimed to determine the concentration of heavy metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in rice samples in Yazd markets. Materials and Methods: In this study, 108 rice samples were collected from 36 different brands including 26 imported and 10 Iranian rice varieties from July-December 2011. Determination of heavy metals was carried out by wet ashing and digestion methods following graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The average concentrations of lead in both Iranian and imported samples were 328.3 ± 81.44 and 254.55 ± 77.2 μg/kg, respectively, well above the safe limit set by Iranian standard, whereas mean concentrations of cadmium and arsenic were both below their permissible limit. In homemade rice samples, their concentration levels were shown to be 37.25 ± 23.39 and 33.5 ± 18.35 μg/kg, respectively. However, for imported products, their levels were 43.71 ± 13.74 and 87.55 ± 72.99 μg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: Deterministic estimation of exposure to heavy metals from rice showed that there was no health issue concerning exposure to toxic metals through rice intake in Iran when potential risk of each heavy metal is considered individually, cumulative risk assessment must be applied in future studies.
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spelling doaj.art-b2ac82c1549d4fe089c6901ed05ec3d82022-12-21T19:08:01ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsInternational Journal of Environmental Health Engineering2277-91832013-01-0121363610.4103/2277-9183.122419Heavy metal distribution frequency in Iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central Iran, Yazd, 2012Reza MorekianMaryam MirlohiLeila AzadbakhtMohammad Reza MaracyAims: This study aimed to determine the concentration of heavy metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in rice samples in Yazd markets. Materials and Methods: In this study, 108 rice samples were collected from 36 different brands including 26 imported and 10 Iranian rice varieties from July-December 2011. Determination of heavy metals was carried out by wet ashing and digestion methods following graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The average concentrations of lead in both Iranian and imported samples were 328.3 ± 81.44 and 254.55 ± 77.2 μg/kg, respectively, well above the safe limit set by Iranian standard, whereas mean concentrations of cadmium and arsenic were both below their permissible limit. In homemade rice samples, their concentration levels were shown to be 37.25 ± 23.39 and 33.5 ± 18.35 μg/kg, respectively. However, for imported products, their levels were 43.71 ± 13.74 and 87.55 ± 72.99 μg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: Deterministic estimation of exposure to heavy metals from rice showed that there was no health issue concerning exposure to toxic metals through rice intake in Iran when potential risk of each heavy metal is considered individually, cumulative risk assessment must be applied in future studies.http://www.ijehe.org/article.asp?issn=2277-9183;year=2013;volume=2;issue=1;spage=36;epage=36;aulast=MorekianArseniccadmiumdaily intakeleadrice
spellingShingle Reza Morekian
Maryam Mirlohi
Leila Azadbakht
Mohammad Reza Maracy
Heavy metal distribution frequency in Iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central Iran, Yazd, 2012
International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering
Arsenic
cadmium
daily intake
lead
rice
title Heavy metal distribution frequency in Iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central Iran, Yazd, 2012
title_full Heavy metal distribution frequency in Iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central Iran, Yazd, 2012
title_fullStr Heavy metal distribution frequency in Iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central Iran, Yazd, 2012
title_full_unstemmed Heavy metal distribution frequency in Iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central Iran, Yazd, 2012
title_short Heavy metal distribution frequency in Iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central Iran, Yazd, 2012
title_sort heavy metal distribution frequency in iranian and imported rice varieties marketed in central iran yazd 2012
topic Arsenic
cadmium
daily intake
lead
rice
url http://www.ijehe.org/article.asp?issn=2277-9183;year=2013;volume=2;issue=1;spage=36;epage=36;aulast=Morekian
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AT maryammirlohi heavymetaldistributionfrequencyiniranianandimportedricevarietiesmarketedincentraliranyazd2012
AT leilaazadbakht heavymetaldistributionfrequencyiniranianandimportedricevarietiesmarketedincentraliranyazd2012
AT mohammadrezamaracy heavymetaldistributionfrequencyiniranianandimportedricevarietiesmarketedincentraliranyazd2012