Function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis-to-G1 transition
During cell division, drastic cellular changes characteristic of mitosis result in the inactivation of the transcriptional machinery, and global downregulation of transcription. Sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs) have thus been considered mere bystanders, devoid of any regulatory function...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Royal Society
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Open Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.220062 |
| _version_ | 1797974513185456128 |
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| author | Mário A. F. Soares Raquel A. Oliveira Diogo S. Castro |
| author_facet | Mário A. F. Soares Raquel A. Oliveira Diogo S. Castro |
| author_sort | Mário A. F. Soares |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During cell division, drastic cellular changes characteristic of mitosis result in the inactivation of the transcriptional machinery, and global downregulation of transcription. Sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs) have thus been considered mere bystanders, devoid of any regulatory function during mitosis. This view changed significantly in recent years, upon the conclusion that many TFs associate with condensed chromosomes during cell division, even occupying a fraction of their genomic target sites in mitotic chromatin. This finding was at the origin of the concept of mitotic bookmarking by TFs, proposed as a mechanism to propagate gene regulatory information across cell divisions, by facilitating the reactivation of specific bookmarked genes. While the underlying mechanisms and biological significance of this model remain elusive, recent developments in this fast-moving field have cast new light into TF activity during mitosis, beyond a bookmarking role. Here, we start by reviewing the most recent findings on the complex nature of TF–chromatin interactions during mitosis, and on mechanisms that may regulate them. Next, and in light of recent reports describing how transcription is reinitiated in temporally distinct waves during mitosis-to-G1 transition, we explore how TFs may contribute to defining this hierarchical gene expression process. Finally, we discuss how TF activity during mitotic exit may impact the acquisition of cell identity upon cell division, and propose a model that integrates dynamic changes in TF–chromatin interactions during this cell-cycle period, with the execution of cell-fate decisions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:20:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b2c0e16bd8c64f9b92c914e26e07d702 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-2441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:20:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | The Royal Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2c0e16bd8c64f9b92c914e26e07d7022022-12-30T17:14:13ZengThe Royal SocietyOpen Biology2046-24412022-06-0112610.1098/rsob.220062Function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis-to-G1 transitionMário A. F. Soares0Raquel A. Oliveira1Diogo S. Castro2i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalInstituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugali3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, IBMC Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalDuring cell division, drastic cellular changes characteristic of mitosis result in the inactivation of the transcriptional machinery, and global downregulation of transcription. Sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs) have thus been considered mere bystanders, devoid of any regulatory function during mitosis. This view changed significantly in recent years, upon the conclusion that many TFs associate with condensed chromosomes during cell division, even occupying a fraction of their genomic target sites in mitotic chromatin. This finding was at the origin of the concept of mitotic bookmarking by TFs, proposed as a mechanism to propagate gene regulatory information across cell divisions, by facilitating the reactivation of specific bookmarked genes. While the underlying mechanisms and biological significance of this model remain elusive, recent developments in this fast-moving field have cast new light into TF activity during mitosis, beyond a bookmarking role. Here, we start by reviewing the most recent findings on the complex nature of TF–chromatin interactions during mitosis, and on mechanisms that may regulate them. Next, and in light of recent reports describing how transcription is reinitiated in temporally distinct waves during mitosis-to-G1 transition, we explore how TFs may contribute to defining this hierarchical gene expression process. Finally, we discuss how TF activity during mitotic exit may impact the acquisition of cell identity upon cell division, and propose a model that integrates dynamic changes in TF–chromatin interactions during this cell-cycle period, with the execution of cell-fate decisions.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.220062transcription factormitotic bookmarkingmitosis-to-G1 transitionchromatinelectrostatic interactionssequence-specific binding |
| spellingShingle | Mário A. F. Soares Raquel A. Oliveira Diogo S. Castro Function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis-to-G1 transition Open Biology transcription factor mitotic bookmarking mitosis-to-G1 transition chromatin electrostatic interactions sequence-specific binding |
| title | Function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis-to-G1 transition |
| title_full | Function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis-to-G1 transition |
| title_fullStr | Function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis-to-G1 transition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis-to-G1 transition |
| title_short | Function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis-to-G1 transition |
| title_sort | function and regulation of transcription factors during mitosis to g1 transition |
| topic | transcription factor mitotic bookmarking mitosis-to-G1 transition chromatin electrostatic interactions sequence-specific binding |
| url | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsob.220062 |
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