Multi-Component Evaporation and Uneven Aluminum Distribution during High-Power Vacuum Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy
Titanium alloy is an important material for the manufacture of key components of deep-sea submersibles. High-power vacuum laser welding is an important method for welding TC4 thick plate (40–120 mm) structures. However, due to the low melting point of aluminum, its uneven distribution in the weld ca...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/7/1196 |
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| author | Bingqi Wang Shuaifeng Zhang Xinyue Tan Yifan Lv Lvjie Liang Zhiqian Liao Anguo Huang |
| author_facet | Bingqi Wang Shuaifeng Zhang Xinyue Tan Yifan Lv Lvjie Liang Zhiqian Liao Anguo Huang |
| author_sort | Bingqi Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Titanium alloy is an important material for the manufacture of key components of deep-sea submersibles. High-power vacuum laser welding is an important method for welding TC4 thick plate (40–120 mm) structures. However, due to the low melting point of aluminum, its uneven distribution in the weld caused by evaporation during welding affects the quality of joints. This paper conducted experimental and simulation studies to investigate the effect of process parameters on multi-component evaporation and uneven aluminum distribution. Based on a three-dimensional model of vacuum laser welding, the mechanism of the uneven distribution of aluminum in the weld is explained. The results show that the uneven distribution of aluminum in the weld is mainly related to the metal vapor behavior and keyhole morphology. As the welding speed rises from 1 m/min to 3 m/min, the proportion of aluminum in the metal vapor and the degree of compositional unevenness increase. When the laser power increases from 6 kW to 18 kW, the proportion of aluminum in the metal vapor and degree of unevenness increase, peak at 12 kW, and then decrease. This work facilitates the selection of suitable process parameters to reduce aluminum evaporation during the high-power vacuum welding of Ti-6Al-4V alloys. Joints with a more stable performance can be obtained by avoiding the uneven distribution of aluminum. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:50:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b2f05328ee1a4114b539ddc97886e4fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:50:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2f05328ee1a4114b539ddc97886e4fd2023-11-18T20:29:15ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012023-06-01137119610.3390/met13071196Multi-Component Evaporation and Uneven Aluminum Distribution during High-Power Vacuum Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium AlloyBingqi Wang0Shuaifeng Zhang1Xinyue Tan2Yifan Lv3Lvjie Liang4Zhiqian Liao5Anguo Huang6State Key Laboratory of Materials and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaLuoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang 471023, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaLuoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang 471023, ChinaSchool of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaLuoyang Ship Material Research Institute, Luoyang 471023, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Materials and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, ChinaTitanium alloy is an important material for the manufacture of key components of deep-sea submersibles. High-power vacuum laser welding is an important method for welding TC4 thick plate (40–120 mm) structures. However, due to the low melting point of aluminum, its uneven distribution in the weld caused by evaporation during welding affects the quality of joints. This paper conducted experimental and simulation studies to investigate the effect of process parameters on multi-component evaporation and uneven aluminum distribution. Based on a three-dimensional model of vacuum laser welding, the mechanism of the uneven distribution of aluminum in the weld is explained. The results show that the uneven distribution of aluminum in the weld is mainly related to the metal vapor behavior and keyhole morphology. As the welding speed rises from 1 m/min to 3 m/min, the proportion of aluminum in the metal vapor and the degree of compositional unevenness increase. When the laser power increases from 6 kW to 18 kW, the proportion of aluminum in the metal vapor and degree of unevenness increase, peak at 12 kW, and then decrease. This work facilitates the selection of suitable process parameters to reduce aluminum evaporation during the high-power vacuum welding of Ti-6Al-4V alloys. Joints with a more stable performance can be obtained by avoiding the uneven distribution of aluminum.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/7/1196Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloyvacuum laser weldingaluminum evaporation lossnumerical simulation |
| spellingShingle | Bingqi Wang Shuaifeng Zhang Xinyue Tan Yifan Lv Lvjie Liang Zhiqian Liao Anguo Huang Multi-Component Evaporation and Uneven Aluminum Distribution during High-Power Vacuum Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Metals Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy vacuum laser welding aluminum evaporation loss numerical simulation |
| title | Multi-Component Evaporation and Uneven Aluminum Distribution during High-Power Vacuum Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy |
| title_full | Multi-Component Evaporation and Uneven Aluminum Distribution during High-Power Vacuum Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy |
| title_fullStr | Multi-Component Evaporation and Uneven Aluminum Distribution during High-Power Vacuum Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-Component Evaporation and Uneven Aluminum Distribution during High-Power Vacuum Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy |
| title_short | Multi-Component Evaporation and Uneven Aluminum Distribution during High-Power Vacuum Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy |
| title_sort | multi component evaporation and uneven aluminum distribution during high power vacuum laser welding of ti 6al 4v titanium alloy |
| topic | Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy vacuum laser welding aluminum evaporation loss numerical simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/7/1196 |
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