Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling
Pulmonary vascular remodeling, characterized by the thickening of all three layers of the blood vessel wall, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Despite the approval of several drugs for PH treatment, their long-term therapeutic effect remains unsatisfactory, as...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/11/1978 |
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| author | Qin Fang Yang Bai Shuiqing Hu Jie Ding Lei Liu Meiyan Dai Jie Qiu Lujin Wu Xiaoquan Rao Yan Wang |
| author_facet | Qin Fang Yang Bai Shuiqing Hu Jie Ding Lei Liu Meiyan Dai Jie Qiu Lujin Wu Xiaoquan Rao Yan Wang |
| author_sort | Qin Fang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pulmonary vascular remodeling, characterized by the thickening of all three layers of the blood vessel wall, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Despite the approval of several drugs for PH treatment, their long-term therapeutic effect remains unsatisfactory, as they mainly focus on vasodilation rather than addressing vascular remodeling. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of PH. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a vital transcription factor that regulates endogenous antioxidant defense and emerges as a novel regulator of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Growing evidence has suggested an involvement of Nrf2 and its downstream transcriptional target in the process of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pharmacologically targeting Nrf2 has demonstrated beneficial effects in various diseases, and several Nrf2 inducers are currently undergoing clinical trials. However, the exact potential and mechanism of Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in PH remain unknown. Thus, this review article aims to comprehensively explore the role and mechanism of Nrf2 in pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with PH. Additionally, we provide a summary of Nrf2 inducers that have shown therapeutic potential in addressing the underlying vascular remodeling processes in PH. Although Nrf2-related therapies hold great promise, further research is necessary before their clinical implementation can be fully realized. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:04:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b2ff4bbfbd3349af822d7fbda929eab2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:04:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-b2ff4bbfbd3349af822d7fbda929eab22023-11-24T14:25:53ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212023-11-011211197810.3390/antiox12111978Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular RemodelingQin Fang0Yang Bai1Shuiqing Hu2Jie Ding3Lei Liu4Meiyan Dai5Jie Qiu6Lujin Wu7Xiaoquan Rao8Yan Wang9Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaPulmonary vascular remodeling, characterized by the thickening of all three layers of the blood vessel wall, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Despite the approval of several drugs for PH treatment, their long-term therapeutic effect remains unsatisfactory, as they mainly focus on vasodilation rather than addressing vascular remodeling. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of PH. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a vital transcription factor that regulates endogenous antioxidant defense and emerges as a novel regulator of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Growing evidence has suggested an involvement of Nrf2 and its downstream transcriptional target in the process of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pharmacologically targeting Nrf2 has demonstrated beneficial effects in various diseases, and several Nrf2 inducers are currently undergoing clinical trials. However, the exact potential and mechanism of Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in PH remain unknown. Thus, this review article aims to comprehensively explore the role and mechanism of Nrf2 in pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with PH. Additionally, we provide a summary of Nrf2 inducers that have shown therapeutic potential in addressing the underlying vascular remodeling processes in PH. Although Nrf2-related therapies hold great promise, further research is necessary before their clinical implementation can be fully realized.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/11/1978pulmonary vascular remodelingNrf2oxidative stresspulmonary hypertension |
| spellingShingle | Qin Fang Yang Bai Shuiqing Hu Jie Ding Lei Liu Meiyan Dai Jie Qiu Lujin Wu Xiaoquan Rao Yan Wang Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling Antioxidants pulmonary vascular remodeling Nrf2 oxidative stress pulmonary hypertension |
| title | Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling |
| title_full | Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling |
| title_fullStr | Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling |
| title_short | Unleashing the Potential of Nrf2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling |
| title_sort | unleashing the potential of nrf2 a novel therapeutic target for pulmonary vascular remodeling |
| topic | pulmonary vascular remodeling Nrf2 oxidative stress pulmonary hypertension |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/11/1978 |
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