The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world and is estimated to involve more people in the next years. It is said that alternative remedies such as herbs can be used to manage the complications of this disease. For this reason, we aimed...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.1055517/full |
| _version_ | 1811205580330631168 |
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| author | Mohammad Zamani Mahtab Zarei Mahlagha Nikbaf-Shandiz Fatemeh Gholami Amir Mehdi Hosseini Maryam Nadery Farideh Shiraseb Omid Asbaghi Omid Asbaghi |
| author_facet | Mohammad Zamani Mahtab Zarei Mahlagha Nikbaf-Shandiz Fatemeh Gholami Amir Mehdi Hosseini Maryam Nadery Farideh Shiraseb Omid Asbaghi Omid Asbaghi |
| author_sort | Mohammad Zamani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world and is estimated to involve more people in the next years. It is said that alternative remedies such as herbs can be used to manage the complications of this disease. For this reason, we aimed to conduct this meta-analysis to systematically assess and summarize the effects of saffron supplementation as an important herb on cardiovascular risk factors in adults.MethodsA systematic search was done in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find eligible articles up to September 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of saffron on lipid profiles, glycemic control, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and inflammatory markers were included. In the meta-analysis, 32 studies were taken into account (n = 1674).ResultsConsumption of saffron significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) (WMD = −8.81 mg/dl, 95%CI: −14.33, −3.28; P = 0.002), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = −6.87 mg/dl, 95%CI: −11.19, −2.56; P = 0.002), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD = −6.71 mg/dl, 95%CI: −10.51, −2.91; P = 0.001), (P = 0.660), fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (WMD = −7.59 mg/dl, 95%CI: −11.88, −3.30; P = 0.001), HbA1c (WMD = −0.18%, 95%CI: −0.21, −0.07; P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD = −0.49, 95%CI: −0.89, −0.09; P = 0.016), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = −3.42 mmHg, 95%CI: −5.80, −1.04; P = 0.005), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (WMD = −2.54 pg/ml, 95%CI: −4.43, −0.65; P = 0.008), waist circumference (WC) (WMD = −1.50 cm; 95%CI: −2.83, −0.18; P = 0.026), malondialdehyde (MDA) (WMD = −1.50 uM/L, 95%CI: −2.42, −0.57; P = 0.001), and alanine transferase (ALT) (WMD = −2.16 U/L, 95%CI: −4.10, −0.23; P = 0.028). Also, we observed that saffron had an increasing effect on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (WMD = 0.07 mM/L, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.13; P = 0.032). There was linear regression between FBG and the duration of saffron intake. Additionally, the non-linear dose-response analysis has shown a significant association of saffron intervention with HDL (P = 0.049), HOMA-IR (P = 0.002), weight (P = 0.036), ALP (P = 0.016), FBG (P = 0.011), HbA1c (P = 0.002), and TNF-α (P = 0.042). A non-linear association between the length of the intervention and the level of HDL and DBP was also found.DiscussionThat seems saffron could effectively improve TG, TC, LDL, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, SBP, CRP, TNF-α, WC, MDA, TAC, and ALT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:33:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b31e42e1790f470bb1ee903143edf51c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:33:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-b31e42e1790f470bb1ee903143edf51c2022-12-22T03:49:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2022-12-01910.3389/fnut.2022.10555171055517The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysisMohammad Zamani0Mahtab Zarei1Mahlagha Nikbaf-Shandiz2Fatemeh Gholami3Amir Mehdi Hosseini4Maryam Nadery5Farideh Shiraseb6Omid Asbaghi7Omid Asbaghi8Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IranStudent Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IranFaculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranDepartment of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United StatesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IranCancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranStudent Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranIntroductionCardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world and is estimated to involve more people in the next years. It is said that alternative remedies such as herbs can be used to manage the complications of this disease. For this reason, we aimed to conduct this meta-analysis to systematically assess and summarize the effects of saffron supplementation as an important herb on cardiovascular risk factors in adults.MethodsA systematic search was done in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find eligible articles up to September 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of saffron on lipid profiles, glycemic control, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and inflammatory markers were included. In the meta-analysis, 32 studies were taken into account (n = 1674).ResultsConsumption of saffron significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) (WMD = −8.81 mg/dl, 95%CI: −14.33, −3.28; P = 0.002), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = −6.87 mg/dl, 95%CI: −11.19, −2.56; P = 0.002), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD = −6.71 mg/dl, 95%CI: −10.51, −2.91; P = 0.001), (P = 0.660), fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (WMD = −7.59 mg/dl, 95%CI: −11.88, −3.30; P = 0.001), HbA1c (WMD = −0.18%, 95%CI: −0.21, −0.07; P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD = −0.49, 95%CI: −0.89, −0.09; P = 0.016), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = −3.42 mmHg, 95%CI: −5.80, −1.04; P = 0.005), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (WMD = −2.54 pg/ml, 95%CI: −4.43, −0.65; P = 0.008), waist circumference (WC) (WMD = −1.50 cm; 95%CI: −2.83, −0.18; P = 0.026), malondialdehyde (MDA) (WMD = −1.50 uM/L, 95%CI: −2.42, −0.57; P = 0.001), and alanine transferase (ALT) (WMD = −2.16 U/L, 95%CI: −4.10, −0.23; P = 0.028). Also, we observed that saffron had an increasing effect on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (WMD = 0.07 mM/L, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.13; P = 0.032). There was linear regression between FBG and the duration of saffron intake. Additionally, the non-linear dose-response analysis has shown a significant association of saffron intervention with HDL (P = 0.049), HOMA-IR (P = 0.002), weight (P = 0.036), ALP (P = 0.016), FBG (P = 0.011), HbA1c (P = 0.002), and TNF-α (P = 0.042). A non-linear association between the length of the intervention and the level of HDL and DBP was also found.DiscussionThat seems saffron could effectively improve TG, TC, LDL, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, SBP, CRP, TNF-α, WC, MDA, TAC, and ALT.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.1055517/fullsaffroncardiovascular risk factorssystematic reviewmeta-analysisadult |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Zamani Mahtab Zarei Mahlagha Nikbaf-Shandiz Fatemeh Gholami Amir Mehdi Hosseini Maryam Nadery Farideh Shiraseb Omid Asbaghi Omid Asbaghi The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis Frontiers in Nutrition saffron cardiovascular risk factors systematic review meta-analysis adult |
| title | The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis |
| title_full | The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis |
| title_short | The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis |
| title_sort | effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults a systematic review and dose response meta analysis |
| topic | saffron cardiovascular risk factors systematic review meta-analysis adult |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.1055517/full |
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