The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications
Alopecia areata is a type of non-scarring hair loss. The dysregulation of numerous systemic Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-12, and IL-18), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17E, IL-31 and IL-33) and Th17 (IL-17, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23 and TGF-β) cytokines was observed in patients with al...
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2021-12-01
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author | Anna Waśkiel-Burnat Marta Osińska Anna Salińska Leszek Blicharz Mohamad Goldust Małgorzata Olszewska Lidia Rudnicka |
author_facet | Anna Waśkiel-Burnat Marta Osińska Anna Salińska Leszek Blicharz Mohamad Goldust Małgorzata Olszewska Lidia Rudnicka |
author_sort | Anna Waśkiel-Burnat |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Alopecia areata is a type of non-scarring hair loss. The dysregulation of numerous systemic Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-12, and IL-18), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17E, IL-31 and IL-33) and Th17 (IL-17, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23 and TGF-β) cytokines was observed in patients with alopecia areata. Positive correlations between the severity of alopecia areata and an increased serum level of various cytokines including IL-2, TNF, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-17E were reported in the literature. An increased serum level of numerous cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-6, TNF, IL-12, IL-17E, and IL-22, was described as positively correlated with the duration of the disease. Moreover, it was shown that increased pre-treatment serum level of IL-12 was a positive, while increased serum levels of IL-4 and IL-13 were negative prognostic markers for the efficacy of diphenylcyclopropenone. In conclusion, alopecia areata is associated with the dysregulation of systemic Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines with their role in the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and prognosis of the disease. Available data indicate the most significant role of serum IL-2, TNF, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-17E as markers of disease activity. The serum levels IL-4, IL-12 and IL-13 may be useful as potential predictors of diphenylcyclopropenone efficacy. |
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spelling | doaj.art-b332cfe5c7d3486b9eea63aa9c32adfb2023-11-23T07:37:14ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-12-011012339710.3390/cells10123397The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical ImplicationsAnna Waśkiel-Burnat0Marta Osińska1Anna Salińska2Leszek Blicharz3Mohamad Goldust4Małgorzata Olszewska5Lidia Rudnicka6Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55122 Mainz, GermanyDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandAlopecia areata is a type of non-scarring hair loss. The dysregulation of numerous systemic Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-12, and IL-18), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17E, IL-31 and IL-33) and Th17 (IL-17, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23 and TGF-β) cytokines was observed in patients with alopecia areata. Positive correlations between the severity of alopecia areata and an increased serum level of various cytokines including IL-2, TNF, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-17E were reported in the literature. An increased serum level of numerous cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-6, TNF, IL-12, IL-17E, and IL-22, was described as positively correlated with the duration of the disease. Moreover, it was shown that increased pre-treatment serum level of IL-12 was a positive, while increased serum levels of IL-4 and IL-13 were negative prognostic markers for the efficacy of diphenylcyclopropenone. In conclusion, alopecia areata is associated with the dysregulation of systemic Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines with their role in the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and prognosis of the disease. Available data indicate the most significant role of serum IL-2, TNF, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-17E as markers of disease activity. The serum levels IL-4, IL-12 and IL-13 may be useful as potential predictors of diphenylcyclopropenone efficacy.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3397cytokinechemokineimmunologyinterleukin |
spellingShingle | Anna Waśkiel-Burnat Marta Osińska Anna Salińska Leszek Blicharz Mohamad Goldust Małgorzata Olszewska Lidia Rudnicka The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications Cells cytokine chemokine immunology interleukin |
title | The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications |
title_full | The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications |
title_fullStr | The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications |
title_short | The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications |
title_sort | role of serum th1 th2 and th17 cytokines in patients with alopecia areata clinical implications |
topic | cytokine chemokine immunology interleukin |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3397 |
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