The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications

Alopecia areata is a type of non-scarring hair loss. The dysregulation of numerous systemic Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-12, and IL-18), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17E, IL-31 and IL-33) and Th17 (IL-17, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23 and TGF-β) cytokines was observed in patients with al...

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Main Authors: Anna Waśkiel-Burnat, Marta Osińska, Anna Salińska, Leszek Blicharz, Mohamad Goldust, Małgorzata Olszewska, Lidia Rudnicka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-12-01
Series:Cells
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3397
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author Anna Waśkiel-Burnat
Marta Osińska
Anna Salińska
Leszek Blicharz
Mohamad Goldust
Małgorzata Olszewska
Lidia Rudnicka
author_facet Anna Waśkiel-Burnat
Marta Osińska
Anna Salińska
Leszek Blicharz
Mohamad Goldust
Małgorzata Olszewska
Lidia Rudnicka
author_sort Anna Waśkiel-Burnat
collection DOAJ
description Alopecia areata is a type of non-scarring hair loss. The dysregulation of numerous systemic Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-12, and IL-18), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17E, IL-31 and IL-33) and Th17 (IL-17, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23 and TGF-β) cytokines was observed in patients with alopecia areata. Positive correlations between the severity of alopecia areata and an increased serum level of various cytokines including IL-2, TNF, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-17E were reported in the literature. An increased serum level of numerous cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-6, TNF, IL-12, IL-17E, and IL-22, was described as positively correlated with the duration of the disease. Moreover, it was shown that increased pre-treatment serum level of IL-12 was a positive, while increased serum levels of IL-4 and IL-13 were negative prognostic markers for the efficacy of diphenylcyclopropenone. In conclusion, alopecia areata is associated with the dysregulation of systemic Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines with their role in the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and prognosis of the disease. Available data indicate the most significant role of serum IL-2, TNF, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-17E as markers of disease activity. The serum levels IL-4, IL-12 and IL-13 may be useful as potential predictors of diphenylcyclopropenone efficacy.
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spelling doaj.art-b332cfe5c7d3486b9eea63aa9c32adfb2023-11-23T07:37:14ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-12-011012339710.3390/cells10123397The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical ImplicationsAnna Waśkiel-Burnat0Marta Osińska1Anna Salińska2Leszek Blicharz3Mohamad Goldust4Małgorzata Olszewska5Lidia Rudnicka6Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55122 Mainz, GermanyDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008 Warsaw, PolandAlopecia areata is a type of non-scarring hair loss. The dysregulation of numerous systemic Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-12, and IL-18), Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17E, IL-31 and IL-33) and Th17 (IL-17, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23 and TGF-β) cytokines was observed in patients with alopecia areata. Positive correlations between the severity of alopecia areata and an increased serum level of various cytokines including IL-2, TNF, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-17E were reported in the literature. An increased serum level of numerous cytokines, such as IL-2, IL-6, TNF, IL-12, IL-17E, and IL-22, was described as positively correlated with the duration of the disease. Moreover, it was shown that increased pre-treatment serum level of IL-12 was a positive, while increased serum levels of IL-4 and IL-13 were negative prognostic markers for the efficacy of diphenylcyclopropenone. In conclusion, alopecia areata is associated with the dysregulation of systemic Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines with their role in the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and prognosis of the disease. Available data indicate the most significant role of serum IL-2, TNF, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-17E as markers of disease activity. The serum levels IL-4, IL-12 and IL-13 may be useful as potential predictors of diphenylcyclopropenone efficacy.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3397cytokinechemokineimmunologyinterleukin
spellingShingle Anna Waśkiel-Burnat
Marta Osińska
Anna Salińska
Leszek Blicharz
Mohamad Goldust
Małgorzata Olszewska
Lidia Rudnicka
The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications
Cells
cytokine
chemokine
immunology
interleukin
title The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications
title_full The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications
title_fullStr The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications
title_short The Role of Serum Th1, Th2, and Th17 Cytokines in Patients with Alopecia Areata: Clinical Implications
title_sort role of serum th1 th2 and th17 cytokines in patients with alopecia areata clinical implications
topic cytokine
chemokine
immunology
interleukin
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/12/3397
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