Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM)
Emotions are an essential part of daily human communication. The emotional states and dynamics of the brain can be linked by electroencephalography (EEG) signals that can be used by the Brain–Computer Interface (BCI), to provide better human–machine interactions. Several studies have been conducted...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/8/2976 |
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| author | Mona Algarni Faisal Saeed Tawfik Al-Hadhrami Fahad Ghabban Mohammed Al-Sarem |
| author_facet | Mona Algarni Faisal Saeed Tawfik Al-Hadhrami Fahad Ghabban Mohammed Al-Sarem |
| author_sort | Mona Algarni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Emotions are an essential part of daily human communication. The emotional states and dynamics of the brain can be linked by electroencephalography (EEG) signals that can be used by the Brain–Computer Interface (BCI), to provide better human–machine interactions. Several studies have been conducted in the field of emotion recognition. However, one of the most important issues facing the emotion recognition process, using EEG signals, is the accuracy of recognition. This paper proposes a deep learning-based approach for emotion recognition through EEG signals, which includes data selection, feature extraction, feature selection and classification phases. This research serves the medical field, as the emotion recognition model helps diagnose psychological and behavioral disorders. The research contributes to improving the performance of the emotion recognition model to obtain more accurate results, which, in turn, aids in making the correct medical decisions. A standard pre-processed Database of Emotion Analysis using Physiological signaling (DEAP) was used in this work. The statistical features, wavelet features, and Hurst exponent were extracted from the dataset. The feature selection task was implemented through the Binary Gray Wolf Optimizer. At the classification stage, the stacked bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) Model was used to recognize human emotions. In this paper, emotions are classified into three main classes: arousal, valence and liking. The proposed approach achieved high accuracy compared to the methods used in past studies, with an average accuracy of 99.45%, 96.87% and 99.68% of valence, arousal, and liking, respectively, which is considered a high performance for the emotion recognition model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:02:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b33c175136234e938ef0fd548b6824b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:02:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-b33c175136234e938ef0fd548b6824b72023-11-30T21:53:03ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-04-01228297610.3390/s22082976Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM)Mona Algarni0Faisal Saeed1Tawfik Al-Hadhrami2Fahad Ghabban3Mohammed Al-Sarem4College of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina 41477, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina 41477, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UKCollege of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina 41477, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Computer Science and Engineering, Taibah University, Medina 41477, Saudi ArabiaEmotions are an essential part of daily human communication. The emotional states and dynamics of the brain can be linked by electroencephalography (EEG) signals that can be used by the Brain–Computer Interface (BCI), to provide better human–machine interactions. Several studies have been conducted in the field of emotion recognition. However, one of the most important issues facing the emotion recognition process, using EEG signals, is the accuracy of recognition. This paper proposes a deep learning-based approach for emotion recognition through EEG signals, which includes data selection, feature extraction, feature selection and classification phases. This research serves the medical field, as the emotion recognition model helps diagnose psychological and behavioral disorders. The research contributes to improving the performance of the emotion recognition model to obtain more accurate results, which, in turn, aids in making the correct medical decisions. A standard pre-processed Database of Emotion Analysis using Physiological signaling (DEAP) was used in this work. The statistical features, wavelet features, and Hurst exponent were extracted from the dataset. The feature selection task was implemented through the Binary Gray Wolf Optimizer. At the classification stage, the stacked bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) Model was used to recognize human emotions. In this paper, emotions are classified into three main classes: arousal, valence and liking. The proposed approach achieved high accuracy compared to the methods used in past studies, with an average accuracy of 99.45%, 96.87% and 99.68% of valence, arousal, and liking, respectively, which is considered a high performance for the emotion recognition model.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/8/2976bi-directional long short-term memorybinary grey wolf optimizerbrain–computer interfaceelectroencephalographyemotion recognition |
| spellingShingle | Mona Algarni Faisal Saeed Tawfik Al-Hadhrami Fahad Ghabban Mohammed Al-Sarem Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) Sensors bi-directional long short-term memory binary grey wolf optimizer brain–computer interface electroencephalography emotion recognition |
| title | Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) |
| title_full | Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) |
| title_fullStr | Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) |
| title_short | Deep Learning-Based Approach for Emotion Recognition Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Signals Using Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) |
| title_sort | deep learning based approach for emotion recognition using electroencephalography eeg signals using bi directional long short term memory bi lstm |
| topic | bi-directional long short-term memory binary grey wolf optimizer brain–computer interface electroencephalography emotion recognition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/8/2976 |
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