Adjoint of the global Eulerian–Lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model (A-GELCA v1.0): development and validation
We present the development of the Adjoint of the Global Eulerian–Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric (A-GELCA) model that consists of the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) model as an Eulerian three-dimensional transport model (TM), and FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model) as t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2016-02-01
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| Series: | Geoscientific Model Development |
| Online Access: | http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/9/749/2016/gmd-9-749-2016.pdf |
| _version_ | 1829106815041798144 |
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| author | D. A. Belikov S. Maksyutov A. Yaremchuk A. Ganshin T. Kaminski S. Blessing M. Sasakawa A. J. Gomez-Pelaez A. Starchenko |
| author_facet | D. A. Belikov S. Maksyutov A. Yaremchuk A. Ganshin T. Kaminski S. Blessing M. Sasakawa A. J. Gomez-Pelaez A. Starchenko |
| author_sort | D. A. Belikov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present the development of the Adjoint of the Global
Eulerian–Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric (A-GELCA) model that consists of the
National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) model as an Eulerian
three-dimensional transport model (TM), and FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle
dispersion model) as the Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model (LPDM). The
forward tangent linear and adjoint components of the Eulerian model were
constructed directly from the original NIES TM code using an automatic
differentiation tool known as TAF (Transformation of Algorithms in Fortran;
<a href="http://www.FastOpt.com" target="_blank">http://www.FastOpt.com</a>), with additional manual pre- and
post-processing aimed at improving transparency and clarity of the code and
optimizing the performance of the computing, including MPI (Message Passing
Interface). The Lagrangian component did not require any code modification,
as LPDMs are self-adjoint and track a significant number of particles backward
in time in order to calculate the sensitivity of the observations to the
neighboring emission areas. The constructed Eulerian adjoint was coupled with
the Lagrangian component at a time boundary in the global domain. The
simulations presented in this work were performed using the A-GELCA model in
forward and adjoint modes. The forward simulation shows that the coupled
model improves reproduction of the seasonal cycle and short-term variability
of CO<sub>2</sub>. Mean bias and standard deviation for five of the six Siberian
sites considered decrease roughly by 1 ppm when using the coupled model. The
adjoint of the Eulerian model was shown, through several numerical tests, to
be very accurate (within machine epsilon with mismatch around to
±6 e<sup>−14</sup>) compared to direct forward sensitivity calculations. The
developed adjoint of the coupled model combines the flux conservation and
stability of an Eulerian discrete adjoint formulation with the flexibility,
accuracy, and high resolution of a Lagrangian backward trajectory
formulation. A-GELCA will be incorporated into a variational inversion system
designed to optimize surface fluxes of greenhouse gases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:28:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b340fd64f3be4a16a552183484c30edb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1991-959X 1991-9603 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T06:28:02Z |
| publishDate | 2016-02-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geoscientific Model Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-b340fd64f3be4a16a552183484c30edb2022-12-22T00:34:42ZengCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032016-02-019274976410.5194/gmd-9-749-2016Adjoint of the global Eulerian–Lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model (A-GELCA v1.0): development and validationD. A. Belikov0S. Maksyutov1A. Yaremchuk2A. Ganshin3T. Kaminski4S. Blessing5M. Sasakawa6A. J. Gomez-Pelaez7A. Starchenko8National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, JapanNational Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, JapanN. Andreev Acoustic Institute, Moscow, RussiaTomsk State University, Tomsk, RussiaThe Inversion Lab, Hamburg, GermanyFastOpt GmbH, Hamburg, GermanyNational Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, JapanIzaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), Meteorological State Agency of Spain (AEMET), Izaña, 38311, SpainTomsk State University, Tomsk, RussiaWe present the development of the Adjoint of the Global Eulerian–Lagrangian Coupled Atmospheric (A-GELCA) model that consists of the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) model as an Eulerian three-dimensional transport model (TM), and FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model) as the Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model (LPDM). The forward tangent linear and adjoint components of the Eulerian model were constructed directly from the original NIES TM code using an automatic differentiation tool known as TAF (Transformation of Algorithms in Fortran; <a href="http://www.FastOpt.com" target="_blank">http://www.FastOpt.com</a>), with additional manual pre- and post-processing aimed at improving transparency and clarity of the code and optimizing the performance of the computing, including MPI (Message Passing Interface). The Lagrangian component did not require any code modification, as LPDMs are self-adjoint and track a significant number of particles backward in time in order to calculate the sensitivity of the observations to the neighboring emission areas. The constructed Eulerian adjoint was coupled with the Lagrangian component at a time boundary in the global domain. The simulations presented in this work were performed using the A-GELCA model in forward and adjoint modes. The forward simulation shows that the coupled model improves reproduction of the seasonal cycle and short-term variability of CO<sub>2</sub>. Mean bias and standard deviation for five of the six Siberian sites considered decrease roughly by 1 ppm when using the coupled model. The adjoint of the Eulerian model was shown, through several numerical tests, to be very accurate (within machine epsilon with mismatch around to ±6 e<sup>−14</sup>) compared to direct forward sensitivity calculations. The developed adjoint of the coupled model combines the flux conservation and stability of an Eulerian discrete adjoint formulation with the flexibility, accuracy, and high resolution of a Lagrangian backward trajectory formulation. A-GELCA will be incorporated into a variational inversion system designed to optimize surface fluxes of greenhouse gases.http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/9/749/2016/gmd-9-749-2016.pdf |
| spellingShingle | D. A. Belikov S. Maksyutov A. Yaremchuk A. Ganshin T. Kaminski S. Blessing M. Sasakawa A. J. Gomez-Pelaez A. Starchenko Adjoint of the global Eulerian–Lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model (A-GELCA v1.0): development and validation Geoscientific Model Development |
| title | Adjoint of the global Eulerian–Lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model (A-GELCA v1.0): development and validation |
| title_full | Adjoint of the global Eulerian–Lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model (A-GELCA v1.0): development and validation |
| title_fullStr | Adjoint of the global Eulerian–Lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model (A-GELCA v1.0): development and validation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adjoint of the global Eulerian–Lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model (A-GELCA v1.0): development and validation |
| title_short | Adjoint of the global Eulerian–Lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model (A-GELCA v1.0): development and validation |
| title_sort | adjoint of the global eulerian lagrangian coupled atmospheric transport model a gelca v1 0 development and validation |
| url | http://www.geosci-model-dev.net/9/749/2016/gmd-9-749-2016.pdf |
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