Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot Nematodes
The nematicidal efficacy of milbemectin and its commercial formulate Milbeknock<sup>®</sup> on (i) egg hatching, (ii) juvenile motility and (iii) infective capacity of root-knot nematodes was evaluated in vitro and in planta assays. Serial dilutions of pure milbemectin were tested agains...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/7/839 |
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| author | Miguel Talavera-Rubia Maria Dolores Vela-Delgado Soledad Verdejo-Lucas |
| author_facet | Miguel Talavera-Rubia Maria Dolores Vela-Delgado Soledad Verdejo-Lucas |
| author_sort | Miguel Talavera-Rubia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The nematicidal efficacy of milbemectin and its commercial formulate Milbeknock<sup>®</sup> on (i) egg hatching, (ii) juvenile motility and (iii) infective capacity of root-knot nematodes was evaluated in vitro and in planta assays. Serial dilutions of pure milbemectin were tested against nematode eggs and juveniles and lethal concentrations LC50 and LC90 calculated. Exposure of egg masses to milbemectin at a concentration of 30 μg/mL for 72 h reduced egg hatching by 52%. The increase in exposure time to 240 h did not increase the egg hatching inhibition at the highest concentration 30 μg/mL (53%) but reduced egg hatching at 15 and 7 μg/mL by 35 and 24%, respectively, when compared to untreated controls. The inhibitory effect of milbemectin on juvenile motility ranged from 41 to 87% depending on its concentration, and this effect was persistent after rinsing the juveniles in water. The probabilistic dose–response model indicated that lethal concentrations of milbemectin for juvenile motility were LC50: 7.4 μg/mL and LC90: 29.9 μg/mL. The pre-plant application of Milbeknock<sup>®</sup> to soils infested with the nematode reduced its infective capacity by 98–99% compared to untreated soils in pot experiments. Milbeknock<sup>®</sup> reduced nematode soil population densities by 50–60% in natural infestations under field conditions. Milbemectin shows a high level of efficacy against root-knot nematodes as it reduces egg hatching, persistently immobilizes nematode juveniles, and reduces tomato root infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:41:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3496d6bc7f4421f8188c15ae1653b72 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:41:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3496d6bc7f4421f8188c15ae1653b722023-11-20T05:48:23ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-07-019783910.3390/plants9070839Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot NematodesMiguel Talavera-Rubia0Maria Dolores Vela-Delgado1Soledad Verdejo-Lucas2Institute for Research and Training in Agriculture and Fisheries, IFAPA Alameda del Obispo, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, SpainInstitute for Research and Training in Agriculture and Fisheries, IFAPA Rancho de la Merced, Crtra, CA-3102, Km, 3.1, 11471 Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, SpainInstitute for Research and Training in Agriculture and Fisheries, IFAPA La Mojonera, Autovía del Mediterráneo, salida 420, Paraje San Nicolás, 04745 La Mojonera, Almería, SpainThe nematicidal efficacy of milbemectin and its commercial formulate Milbeknock<sup>®</sup> on (i) egg hatching, (ii) juvenile motility and (iii) infective capacity of root-knot nematodes was evaluated in vitro and in planta assays. Serial dilutions of pure milbemectin were tested against nematode eggs and juveniles and lethal concentrations LC50 and LC90 calculated. Exposure of egg masses to milbemectin at a concentration of 30 μg/mL for 72 h reduced egg hatching by 52%. The increase in exposure time to 240 h did not increase the egg hatching inhibition at the highest concentration 30 μg/mL (53%) but reduced egg hatching at 15 and 7 μg/mL by 35 and 24%, respectively, when compared to untreated controls. The inhibitory effect of milbemectin on juvenile motility ranged from 41 to 87% depending on its concentration, and this effect was persistent after rinsing the juveniles in water. The probabilistic dose–response model indicated that lethal concentrations of milbemectin for juvenile motility were LC50: 7.4 μg/mL and LC90: 29.9 μg/mL. The pre-plant application of Milbeknock<sup>®</sup> to soils infested with the nematode reduced its infective capacity by 98–99% compared to untreated soils in pot experiments. Milbeknock<sup>®</sup> reduced nematode soil population densities by 50–60% in natural infestations under field conditions. Milbemectin shows a high level of efficacy against root-knot nematodes as it reduces egg hatching, persistently immobilizes nematode juveniles, and reduces tomato root infection.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/7/839BiopesticideNematicide<i>Meloidogyne</i><i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> |
| spellingShingle | Miguel Talavera-Rubia Maria Dolores Vela-Delgado Soledad Verdejo-Lucas Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot Nematodes Plants Biopesticide Nematicide <i>Meloidogyne</i> <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> |
| title | Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_full | Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_fullStr | Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_short | Nematicidal Efficacy of Milbemectin against Root-Knot Nematodes |
| title_sort | nematicidal efficacy of milbemectin against root knot nematodes |
| topic | Biopesticide Nematicide <i>Meloidogyne</i> <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/7/839 |
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