Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime Mission

For ongoing studies of the role of rotation in stellar evolution, we require large catalogs of rotation periods for testing and refining gyrochronology. While there is a wealth of data from the Kepler and K2 missions, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) presents both an opportunity and...

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Main Authors: Isabel L. Colman, Ruth Angus, Trevor David, Jason Curtis, Soichiro Hattori, Yuxi (Lucy) Lu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2024-01-01
Series:The Astronomical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad2c86
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author Isabel L. Colman
Ruth Angus
Trevor David
Jason Curtis
Soichiro Hattori
Yuxi (Lucy) Lu
author_facet Isabel L. Colman
Ruth Angus
Trevor David
Jason Curtis
Soichiro Hattori
Yuxi (Lucy) Lu
author_sort Isabel L. Colman
collection DOAJ
description For ongoing studies of the role of rotation in stellar evolution, we require large catalogs of rotation periods for testing and refining gyrochronology. While there is a wealth of data from the Kepler and K2 missions, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) presents both an opportunity and a challenge: despite its all-sky coverage, rotation periods remain hard to detect. We analyzed individual TESS sectors to detect short-period stellar rotation, using only parameters measured from light curves for a robust and unbiased method of evaluating detections. We used random forest classifiers for vetting, trained on a large corpus of period measurements in Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope data from the Oelkers et al. catalog and using TESS full-frame image light curves generated by eleanor . Finally, using data from the first 26 sectors of TESS, we analyzed 432,704 2 minutes cadence single-sector light curves for FGKM dwarfs. We detected 16,800 periods in individual sector light curves, covering 10,909 distinct targets, and we present a catalog of the median period for each target as measured by a Lomb–Scargle periodogram.
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spelling doaj.art-b34b6b32058749e393df906424590e1a2024-04-03T08:29:38ZengIOP PublishingThe Astronomical Journal1538-38812024-01-01167518910.3847/1538-3881/ad2c86Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime MissionIsabel L. Colman0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8196-516XRuth Angus1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-5661Trevor David2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-6246Jason Curtis3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-134XSoichiro Hattori4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0842-863XYuxi (Lucy) Lu5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4769-3273Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , 200 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024, USA ; icolman@amnh.orgDepartment of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , 200 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024, USA ; icolman@amnh.org; Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USACenter for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USADepartment of Astronomy, Columbia University , 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USADepartment of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , 200 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024, USA ; icolman@amnh.org; Department of Astronomy, Columbia University , 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USADepartment of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History , 200 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024, USA ; icolman@amnh.orgFor ongoing studies of the role of rotation in stellar evolution, we require large catalogs of rotation periods for testing and refining gyrochronology. While there is a wealth of data from the Kepler and K2 missions, the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) presents both an opportunity and a challenge: despite its all-sky coverage, rotation periods remain hard to detect. We analyzed individual TESS sectors to detect short-period stellar rotation, using only parameters measured from light curves for a robust and unbiased method of evaluating detections. We used random forest classifiers for vetting, trained on a large corpus of period measurements in Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope data from the Oelkers et al. catalog and using TESS full-frame image light curves generated by eleanor . Finally, using data from the first 26 sectors of TESS, we analyzed 432,704 2 minutes cadence single-sector light curves for FGKM dwarfs. We detected 16,800 periods in individual sector light curves, covering 10,909 distinct targets, and we present a catalog of the median period for each target as measured by a Lomb–Scargle periodogram.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad2c86Stellar rotationPeriod determinationAstronomy data analysisRandom Forests
spellingShingle Isabel L. Colman
Ruth Angus
Trevor David
Jason Curtis
Soichiro Hattori
Yuxi (Lucy) Lu
Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime Mission
The Astronomical Journal
Stellar rotation
Period determination
Astronomy data analysis
Random Forests
title Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime Mission
title_full Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime Mission
title_fullStr Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime Mission
title_full_unstemmed Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime Mission
title_short Methods for the Detection of Stellar Rotation Periods in Individual TESS Sectors and Results from the Prime Mission
title_sort methods for the detection of stellar rotation periods in individual tess sectors and results from the prime mission
topic Stellar rotation
Period determination
Astronomy data analysis
Random Forests
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad2c86
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