Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West Ethiopia
The use of toilet facilities is a major sanitation intervention, as it reduces the spread of diarrheal diseases. In areas where toilets are misused, human excreta may be disposed of in open fields, bushes, and other open places. However, information about the level of utilization of toilet facilitie...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health Insights |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302241246421 |
| _version_ | 1797205996834127872 |
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| author | Dame Fiseha Birasa Dereje Oljira Donacho Ruot Gatwech Gil Gebiso Roba Debele |
| author_facet | Dame Fiseha Birasa Dereje Oljira Donacho Ruot Gatwech Gil Gebiso Roba Debele |
| author_sort | Dame Fiseha Birasa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of toilet facilities is a major sanitation intervention, as it reduces the spread of diarrheal diseases. In areas where toilets are misused, human excreta may be disposed of in open fields, bushes, and other open places. However, information about the level of utilization of toilet facilities in developing regions of Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify open defecation (OD) levels and determinants of OD among household-owned toilets in Gambella town, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 561 households in Gambela Town, using systematic random sampling and questionnaires. The level of OD was analyzed using frequency and percentage. The determinants of OD were assessed using binary logistic regression. Variables with a P -value less than .25 in univariable logistic regression were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model, and statistical significance was declared at a P -value less than .05. The model’s fit was tested using Hosmer and Lemeshow’s goodness of fit. The study found that OD was 47.2% [95% CI: 43.2%-51.4%] among those who owned toilet facilities. The determinants of OD were: occupation of household head [AOR: 5.27, 95% CI: 3.08-9.00], toilet facilities lacking a superstructure [AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.16-3.43], toilet facilities lacking doors [AOR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.97-5.27], large family size [AOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.29-3.60], knowledge of the respondents [AOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.50-3.99], and respondents with negative attitude [AOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.12-2.74]. Therefore, key stakeholders should focus on improving toilet utilization, considering those factors in their interventions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:00:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b375a3455c54470f9360d739009df033 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-6302 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:00:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health Insights |
| spelling | doaj.art-b375a3455c54470f9360d739009df0332024-04-16T03:03:37ZengSAGE PublishingEnvironmental Health Insights1178-63022024-04-011810.1177/11786302241246421Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West EthiopiaDame Fiseha Birasa0Dereje Oljira Donacho1Ruot Gatwech Gil2Gebiso Roba Debele3Department of Public Health, Mattu University, Mettu, EthiopiaDepartment of Health Informatics, Mattu University, Mattu, Oromia, EthiopiaGambela Regional Health Bureau, Ministry of Health, Gambella, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, Mattu University, Mettu, EthiopiaThe use of toilet facilities is a major sanitation intervention, as it reduces the spread of diarrheal diseases. In areas where toilets are misused, human excreta may be disposed of in open fields, bushes, and other open places. However, information about the level of utilization of toilet facilities in developing regions of Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify open defecation (OD) levels and determinants of OD among household-owned toilets in Gambella town, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 561 households in Gambela Town, using systematic random sampling and questionnaires. The level of OD was analyzed using frequency and percentage. The determinants of OD were assessed using binary logistic regression. Variables with a P -value less than .25 in univariable logistic regression were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model, and statistical significance was declared at a P -value less than .05. The model’s fit was tested using Hosmer and Lemeshow’s goodness of fit. The study found that OD was 47.2% [95% CI: 43.2%-51.4%] among those who owned toilet facilities. The determinants of OD were: occupation of household head [AOR: 5.27, 95% CI: 3.08-9.00], toilet facilities lacking a superstructure [AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.16-3.43], toilet facilities lacking doors [AOR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.97-5.27], large family size [AOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.29-3.60], knowledge of the respondents [AOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.50-3.99], and respondents with negative attitude [AOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.12-2.74]. Therefore, key stakeholders should focus on improving toilet utilization, considering those factors in their interventions.https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302241246421 |
| spellingShingle | Dame Fiseha Birasa Dereje Oljira Donacho Ruot Gatwech Gil Gebiso Roba Debele Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West Ethiopia Environmental Health Insights |
| title | Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West Ethiopia |
| title_full | Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West Ethiopia |
| title_short | Open Defecation Practice and Its Determinants Among Households Owned Toilet Facilities in Gambela Town, South West Ethiopia |
| title_sort | open defecation practice and its determinants among households owned toilet facilities in gambela town south west ethiopia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302241246421 |
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