The Genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae, Dinophyta) in Brazilian Coastal Waters
A review of the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium occurring in Brazilian coastal waters is presented based on both published information and new data. Seven Alexandrium species have been recorded from Brazil so far: Alexandrium catenella, Alexandrium fraterculus, Alexandrium gaardnerae, Alexandrium k...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2018.00421/full |
| _version_ | 1819030766001061888 |
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| author | Mariângela Menezes Suema Branco Maria Cecília Miotto Catharina Alves-de-Souza |
| author_facet | Mariângela Menezes Suema Branco Maria Cecília Miotto Catharina Alves-de-Souza |
| author_sort | Mariângela Menezes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A review of the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium occurring in Brazilian coastal waters is presented based on both published information and new data. Seven Alexandrium species have been recorded from Brazil so far: Alexandrium catenella, Alexandrium fraterculus, Alexandrium gaardnerae, Alexandrium kutnerae, Alexandrium tamiyavanichi, Alexandrium tamutum, and Alexandrium sp. While A. gaardnerae and A. kutnerae were identified based only on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis (ITS and LSU rDNA) were performed for the remaining species based on cultures and/or field populations. Monoclonal cultures of the analyzed species were isolated from field samples obtained from Bahia (A. tamiyavanichi, two strains), Rio de Janeiro (A. tamutum, three strains; Alexandrium sp., two strains), Santa Catarina (A. fraterculus, one strain), and Rio Grande do Sul (Alexandrium tamarense, three strains). This is the first record of A. tamutum for the South Atlantic. In addition, molecular data for Brazilian strains of A. fraterculus are presented for the first time, as well as sequences from the ITS region for A. catenella (previously reported as A. tamarense) from Brazilian coastal waters. The morphological characters of the three species corresponded to those typically recorded in the literature and their identification was confirmed by molecular analysis. Based on the LSU rDNA and ITS regions, the three strains of A. catenella showed a high degree of similarity with strains from Southern Chile and North America. The implications and limitations of these findings for the monitoring protocols within the global and regional context are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T06:35:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3764b21d9dc4d9e86b77e0f74b219e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T06:35:22Z |
| publishDate | 2018-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3764b21d9dc4d9e86b77e0f74b219e72022-12-21T19:12:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452018-11-01510.3389/fmars.2018.00421417340The Genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae, Dinophyta) in Brazilian Coastal WatersMariângela Menezes0Suema Branco1Maria Cecília Miotto2Catharina Alves-de-Souza3Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, BrazilAlgal Resources Collection, MARBIONC, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, DE, United StatesA review of the dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium occurring in Brazilian coastal waters is presented based on both published information and new data. Seven Alexandrium species have been recorded from Brazil so far: Alexandrium catenella, Alexandrium fraterculus, Alexandrium gaardnerae, Alexandrium kutnerae, Alexandrium tamiyavanichi, Alexandrium tamutum, and Alexandrium sp. While A. gaardnerae and A. kutnerae were identified based only on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis (ITS and LSU rDNA) were performed for the remaining species based on cultures and/or field populations. Monoclonal cultures of the analyzed species were isolated from field samples obtained from Bahia (A. tamiyavanichi, two strains), Rio de Janeiro (A. tamutum, three strains; Alexandrium sp., two strains), Santa Catarina (A. fraterculus, one strain), and Rio Grande do Sul (Alexandrium tamarense, three strains). This is the first record of A. tamutum for the South Atlantic. In addition, molecular data for Brazilian strains of A. fraterculus are presented for the first time, as well as sequences from the ITS region for A. catenella (previously reported as A. tamarense) from Brazilian coastal waters. The morphological characters of the three species corresponded to those typically recorded in the literature and their identification was confirmed by molecular analysis. Based on the LSU rDNA and ITS regions, the three strains of A. catenella showed a high degree of similarity with strains from Southern Chile and North America. The implications and limitations of these findings for the monitoring protocols within the global and regional context are discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2018.00421/fullAlexandrium catenella (group I)Alexandrium tamutumphenotypic plasticitytaxonomyphylogenyparalytic shellfish poisoning |
| spellingShingle | Mariângela Menezes Suema Branco Maria Cecília Miotto Catharina Alves-de-Souza The Genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae, Dinophyta) in Brazilian Coastal Waters Frontiers in Marine Science Alexandrium catenella (group I) Alexandrium tamutum phenotypic plasticity taxonomy phylogeny paralytic shellfish poisoning |
| title | The Genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae, Dinophyta) in Brazilian Coastal Waters |
| title_full | The Genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae, Dinophyta) in Brazilian Coastal Waters |
| title_fullStr | The Genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae, Dinophyta) in Brazilian Coastal Waters |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae, Dinophyta) in Brazilian Coastal Waters |
| title_short | The Genus Alexandrium (Dinophyceae, Dinophyta) in Brazilian Coastal Waters |
| title_sort | genus alexandrium dinophyceae dinophyta in brazilian coastal waters |
| topic | Alexandrium catenella (group I) Alexandrium tamutum phenotypic plasticity taxonomy phylogeny paralytic shellfish poisoning |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2018.00421/full |
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