Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders
Nanomaterials provide enormous opportunities to overcome the limitations of conventional ocular delivery systems, such as low therapeutic efficacy, side effects due to the systemic exposure, or invasive surgery. Apart from the more common ocular disorders, there are some genetic diseases, such as cy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/8/1157 |
| _version_ | 1797522448466313216 |
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| author | Elena K. Schneider-Futschik Felisa Reyes-Ortega |
| author_facet | Elena K. Schneider-Futschik Felisa Reyes-Ortega |
| author_sort | Elena K. Schneider-Futschik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanomaterials provide enormous opportunities to overcome the limitations of conventional ocular delivery systems, such as low therapeutic efficacy, side effects due to the systemic exposure, or invasive surgery. Apart from the more common ocular disorders, there are some genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, that develop ocular disorders as secondary effects as long as the disease progresses. These patients are more difficult to be pharmacologically treated using conventional drug routes (topically, systemic), since specific pharmacological formulations can be incompatible, display increased toxicity, or their therapeutic efficacy decreases with the administration of different kind of chemical molecules. Magnetic nanoparticles can be used as potent drug carriers and magnetic hyperthermia agents due to their response to an external magnetic field. Drugs can be concentrated in the target point, limiting the damage to other tissues. The other advantage of these magnetic nanoparticles is that they can act as magnetic resonance imaging agents, allowing the detection of the exact location of the disease. However, there are some drawbacks related to their use in drug delivery, such as the limitation to maintain efficacy in the target organ once the magnetic field is removed from outside. Another disadvantage is the difficulty in maintaining the therapeutic action in three dimensions inside the human body. This review summarizes all the application possibilities related to magnetic nanoparticles in ocular diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:29:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b39f05a2ee8b420c96244553adb2c588 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:29:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b39f05a2ee8b420c96244553adb2c5882023-11-22T09:13:28ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232021-07-01138115710.3390/pharmaceutics13081157Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular DisordersElena K. Schneider-Futschik0Felisa Reyes-Ortega1Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, AustraliaVisual Quality Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital and University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, SpainNanomaterials provide enormous opportunities to overcome the limitations of conventional ocular delivery systems, such as low therapeutic efficacy, side effects due to the systemic exposure, or invasive surgery. Apart from the more common ocular disorders, there are some genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, that develop ocular disorders as secondary effects as long as the disease progresses. These patients are more difficult to be pharmacologically treated using conventional drug routes (topically, systemic), since specific pharmacological formulations can be incompatible, display increased toxicity, or their therapeutic efficacy decreases with the administration of different kind of chemical molecules. Magnetic nanoparticles can be used as potent drug carriers and magnetic hyperthermia agents due to their response to an external magnetic field. Drugs can be concentrated in the target point, limiting the damage to other tissues. The other advantage of these magnetic nanoparticles is that they can act as magnetic resonance imaging agents, allowing the detection of the exact location of the disease. However, there are some drawbacks related to their use in drug delivery, such as the limitation to maintain efficacy in the target organ once the magnetic field is removed from outside. Another disadvantage is the difficulty in maintaining the therapeutic action in three dimensions inside the human body. This review summarizes all the application possibilities related to magnetic nanoparticles in ocular diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/8/1157ocular disordersocular cancercystic fibrosismagnetic nanoparticlestherapeutic agentsmagnetic diagnosis agents |
| spellingShingle | Elena K. Schneider-Futschik Felisa Reyes-Ortega Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders Pharmaceutics ocular disorders ocular cancer cystic fibrosis magnetic nanoparticles therapeutic agents magnetic diagnosis agents |
| title | Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders |
| title_full | Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders |
| title_fullStr | Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders |
| title_short | Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders |
| title_sort | advantages and disadvantages of using magnetic nanoparticles for the treatment of complicated ocular disorders |
| topic | ocular disorders ocular cancer cystic fibrosis magnetic nanoparticles therapeutic agents magnetic diagnosis agents |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/8/1157 |
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