A Systematic Review on Combined [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG and <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT in Pulmonary Carcinoid
Pulmonary carcinoids (PCs) are part of a spectrum of well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and are classified as typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC). TC differ from AC not only for its histopathological features but also for its “functional imaging pattern” and prognosis...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/11/3719 |
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| author | Daniela Prosperi Luciano Carideo Vincenzo Marcello Russo Rosaria Meucci Giuseppe Campagna Secondo Lastoria Alberto Signore |
| author_facet | Daniela Prosperi Luciano Carideo Vincenzo Marcello Russo Rosaria Meucci Giuseppe Campagna Secondo Lastoria Alberto Signore |
| author_sort | Daniela Prosperi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pulmonary carcinoids (PCs) are part of a spectrum of well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and are classified as typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC). TC differ from AC not only for its histopathological features but also for its “functional imaging pattern” and prognosis. ACs are more undifferentiated and characterized by higher aggressiveness. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with somatostatin analogs (SSA) labeled with Gallium-68 (<sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTA-TOC, <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTA-NOC, <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTA-TATE) has widely replaced conventional imaging with gamma camera using <sup>111</sup>In- or <sup>99m</sup>Tc-labelled compounds and represents now the gold standard for diagnosis and management of NENs. In this setting, as already described for gastro-entero-pancreatic NENs, <sup>18</sup>F-Fluorodeoxiglucose ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG) in addition to <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA can play an important role in clinical practice, particularly for ACs that show a more aggressive behavior compared to TCs. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze all original studies collected from the PubMed and Scopus databases regarding PCs in which both <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT and [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET/CT were performed in order to evaluate the clinical impact of each imaging modality. The following keywords were used for the research: “<sup>18</sup>F, <sup>68</sup>Ga and (bronchial carcinoid or carcinoid lung)”. A total of 57 papers were found, of which 17 were duplicates, 8 were reviews, 10 were case reports, and 1 was an editorial. Of the remaining 21 papers, 12 were ineligible because they did not focus on PC or did not compare <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA and [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG. We finally retrieved and analyzed nine papers (245 patients with TCs and 110 patients with ACs), and the results highlight the importance of the combined use of <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA and [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET/CT for the correct management of these neoplasms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:03:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3a908b92df940e78be3bb6e8ff7a938 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:03:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b3a908b92df940e78be3bb6e8ff7a9382023-11-18T08:05:31ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-05-011211371910.3390/jcm12113719A Systematic Review on Combined [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG and <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT in Pulmonary CarcinoidDaniela Prosperi0Luciano Carideo1Vincenzo Marcello Russo2Rosaria Meucci3Giuseppe Campagna4Secondo Lastoria5Alberto Signore6Nuclear Medicine Unit, University Hospital Sant’Andrea, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, ItalyNuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Fondazione Senatore G. Pascale, 80127 Naples, ItalyNuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University, 00184 Rome, ItalyNuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University, 00184 Rome, ItalyNuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University, 00184 Rome, ItalyNuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Fondazione Senatore G. Pascale, 80127 Naples, ItalyNuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University, 00184 Rome, ItalyPulmonary carcinoids (PCs) are part of a spectrum of well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) and are classified as typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC). TC differ from AC not only for its histopathological features but also for its “functional imaging pattern” and prognosis. ACs are more undifferentiated and characterized by higher aggressiveness. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with somatostatin analogs (SSA) labeled with Gallium-68 (<sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTA-TOC, <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTA-NOC, <sup>68</sup>Ga-DOTA-TATE) has widely replaced conventional imaging with gamma camera using <sup>111</sup>In- or <sup>99m</sup>Tc-labelled compounds and represents now the gold standard for diagnosis and management of NENs. In this setting, as already described for gastro-entero-pancreatic NENs, <sup>18</sup>F-Fluorodeoxiglucose ([<sup>18</sup>F]FDG) in addition to <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA can play an important role in clinical practice, particularly for ACs that show a more aggressive behavior compared to TCs. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze all original studies collected from the PubMed and Scopus databases regarding PCs in which both <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT and [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET/CT were performed in order to evaluate the clinical impact of each imaging modality. The following keywords were used for the research: “<sup>18</sup>F, <sup>68</sup>Ga and (bronchial carcinoid or carcinoid lung)”. A total of 57 papers were found, of which 17 were duplicates, 8 were reviews, 10 were case reports, and 1 was an editorial. Of the remaining 21 papers, 12 were ineligible because they did not focus on PC or did not compare <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA and [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG. We finally retrieved and analyzed nine papers (245 patients with TCs and 110 patients with ACs), and the results highlight the importance of the combined use of <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA and [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET/CT for the correct management of these neoplasms.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/11/3719pulmonary carcinoidtypical carcinoidatypical carcinoid[<sup>18</sup>F]FDG<sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA |
| spellingShingle | Daniela Prosperi Luciano Carideo Vincenzo Marcello Russo Rosaria Meucci Giuseppe Campagna Secondo Lastoria Alberto Signore A Systematic Review on Combined [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG and <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT in Pulmonary Carcinoid Journal of Clinical Medicine pulmonary carcinoid typical carcinoid atypical carcinoid [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA |
| title | A Systematic Review on Combined [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG and <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT in Pulmonary Carcinoid |
| title_full | A Systematic Review on Combined [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG and <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT in Pulmonary Carcinoid |
| title_fullStr | A Systematic Review on Combined [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG and <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT in Pulmonary Carcinoid |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Systematic Review on Combined [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG and <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT in Pulmonary Carcinoid |
| title_short | A Systematic Review on Combined [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG and <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA PET/CT in Pulmonary Carcinoid |
| title_sort | systematic review on combined sup 18 sup f fdg and sup 68 sup ga ssa pet ct in pulmonary carcinoid |
| topic | pulmonary carcinoid typical carcinoid atypical carcinoid [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG <sup>68</sup>Ga-SSA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/11/3719 |
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