Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm
Statement of the Problem: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the most important microorganisms in the evaluation of the antibacterial effects of intra-canal medications due to its ability to penetrate dentinal tubules and form biofilms. Calcium hydroxide, as the most common intra-canal me...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Dentistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_48861_ea60d42ebd465d2f27e414f02b58ffc4.pdf |
| _version_ | 1827915797676163072 |
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| author | Mohammad Frough Reyhani Negin Ghasemi Amin Salem Milani Masoumeh Abbasi Asl |
| author_facet | Mohammad Frough Reyhani Negin Ghasemi Amin Salem Milani Masoumeh Abbasi Asl |
| author_sort | Mohammad Frough Reyhani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Statement of the Problem: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the most important microorganisms in the evaluation of the antibacterial effects of intra-canal medications due to its ability to penetrate dentinal tubules and form biofilms. Calcium hydroxide, as the most common intra-canal medication, has little effect on this bacterial species. In contrast, it is hypothesized that nano scale hydroxide particles are more effective due to their smaller size and higher surface-to-volume ratio.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of nano-calcium hydroxide on the four- and six-week-old intra-canal E. faecalis biofilms.Materials and Method: In this in vitro study, seventy maxillary single-canal premolar teeth were used. After cleaning and preparing the root canals, the samples were placed in vials containing E. faecalis solution in which the culture medium was changed daily. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n=20) in terms of the antimicrobial material used as the intra-canal medication including subgroup 1: nano-calcium hydroxide, subgroup 2: calcium hydroxide, and subgroup 3: phosphate-buffered saline solution (control group). The antimicrobial property was measured by counting colony-forming units (CFU). The data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05.Results: The mean CFU in the six-week-old biofilm group was significantly higher than that in the four-week-old biofilm (p= 0.003). A comparison between the subgroups showed a significant decrease in CFU in the six-week-old biofilm in the nano-calcium hydroxide subgroup compared to that in the calcium hydroxide subgroup (p= 0.002). However, the decrease was not significant in the four-week-old biofilm group (p= 0.06).Conclusion: Under the limitations of the present study, the antimicrobial properties of nano-calcium hydroxide were higher than conventional calcium hydroxide on mature biofilm, whereas the antimicrobial properties were not clinically and significantly different on immature biofilm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:03:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3b536e060d74a99a760c48994b180c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2345-6485 2345-6418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:03:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Shiraz University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Dentistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3b536e060d74a99a760c48994b180c12023-06-27T08:41:59ZengShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Dentistry2345-64852345-64182023-06-0124219419910.30476/dentjods.2022.90215.147648861Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Enterococcus Faecalis BiofilmMohammad Frough Reyhani0Negin Ghasemi1Amin Salem Milani2Masoumeh Abbasi Asl3Dept. of Endodontics, Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.Dept. of Endodontics, Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.Dept. of Endodontics, Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.Postgraduate Student, Dept. of Endodontics, Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.Statement of the Problem: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the most important microorganisms in the evaluation of the antibacterial effects of intra-canal medications due to its ability to penetrate dentinal tubules and form biofilms. Calcium hydroxide, as the most common intra-canal medication, has little effect on this bacterial species. In contrast, it is hypothesized that nano scale hydroxide particles are more effective due to their smaller size and higher surface-to-volume ratio.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of nano-calcium hydroxide on the four- and six-week-old intra-canal E. faecalis biofilms.Materials and Method: In this in vitro study, seventy maxillary single-canal premolar teeth were used. After cleaning and preparing the root canals, the samples were placed in vials containing E. faecalis solution in which the culture medium was changed daily. Each group was divided into three subgroups (n=20) in terms of the antimicrobial material used as the intra-canal medication including subgroup 1: nano-calcium hydroxide, subgroup 2: calcium hydroxide, and subgroup 3: phosphate-buffered saline solution (control group). The antimicrobial property was measured by counting colony-forming units (CFU). The data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05.Results: The mean CFU in the six-week-old biofilm group was significantly higher than that in the four-week-old biofilm (p= 0.003). A comparison between the subgroups showed a significant decrease in CFU in the six-week-old biofilm in the nano-calcium hydroxide subgroup compared to that in the calcium hydroxide subgroup (p= 0.002). However, the decrease was not significant in the four-week-old biofilm group (p= 0.06).Conclusion: Under the limitations of the present study, the antimicrobial properties of nano-calcium hydroxide were higher than conventional calcium hydroxide on mature biofilm, whereas the antimicrobial properties were not clinically and significantly different on immature biofilm.https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_48861_ea60d42ebd465d2f27e414f02b58ffc4.pdfbiofilmenterococcus faecalisnano-calcium hydroxide |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Frough Reyhani Negin Ghasemi Amin Salem Milani Masoumeh Abbasi Asl Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm Journal of Dentistry biofilm enterococcus faecalis nano-calcium hydroxide |
| title | Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Effect of Nano-Calcium Hydroxide on the Four- and Six-Week-Old Intra-Canal Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm |
| title_sort | antimicrobial effect of nano calcium hydroxide on the four and six week old intra canal enterococcus faecalis biofilm |
| topic | biofilm enterococcus faecalis nano-calcium hydroxide |
| url | https://dentjods.sums.ac.ir/article_48861_ea60d42ebd465d2f27e414f02b58ffc4.pdf |
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