Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric Relationship
Purpose:To investigate age- and sex-related differences in tear film parameters of normal Indian population and study interparametric relationships.MethodsHealthy subjects with no ocular disease (median ocular surface disease index = 0) were subjected to an automated evaluation of tear meniscus heig...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.894184/full |
| _version_ | 1818209612447350784 |
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| author | Swati Singh Swati Singh Saumya Srivastav Ashik Mohamed Sayan Basu Sayan Basu |
| author_facet | Swati Singh Swati Singh Saumya Srivastav Ashik Mohamed Sayan Basu Sayan Basu |
| author_sort | Swati Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose:To investigate age- and sex-related differences in tear film parameters of normal Indian population and study interparametric relationships.MethodsHealthy subjects with no ocular disease (median ocular surface disease index = 0) were subjected to an automated evaluation of tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT) using Keratograph 5M (OCULUS GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), and tear osmolarity using the TearLab Osmolarity System (TearLab Corporation, California, USA). A mixed-effects model with random intercepts at the patient level was used to evaluate the relationships between explanatory (age, gender, and tear osmolarity) and outcome variables (TMH and NIBUT).ResultsA total of 237 subjects (474 eyes; 150 males) were enrolled with a mean age of 40 ± 17 years (range, 10-78 years). The mean values (± standard deviation) of TMH, NIBUT, and tear osmolarity were 0.34 ± 0.07 mm, 10.95 ± 2.02 s and 289.0 ± 5.8 mOsm/L, respectively. Age had a significant positive relationship with TMH (p < 0.0001; 0.002 mm/year; r = 0.12), but there was no effect on NIBUT (p = 0.26) and tear osmolarity (p = 0.27). There were no sex-based differences in tear film parameters. Interparametric relationship revealed no significant association between TMH and NIBUT (p = 0.12) or tear osmolarity and TMH (p = 0.83) or tear osmolarity and NIBUT values (p = 0.48).ConclusionsIn a normal Indian population, TMH is weakly affected by age and is independent of sex, NIBUT, and tear osmolarity. Tear breakup time and osmolarity show no significant age- and sex-related variation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T05:03:29Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T05:03:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3c41a0084c1428294aa9c56d7330cb62022-12-22T00:37:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2022-06-01910.3389/fmed.2022.894184894184Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric RelationshipSwati Singh0Swati Singh1Saumya Srivastav2Ashik Mohamed3Sayan Basu4Sayan Basu5Centre for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, IndiaOphthalmic Plastic Surgery Services, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, IndiaCentre for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, IndiaOphthalmic Biophysics Laboratory, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, IndiaCentre for Ocular Regeneration, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, IndiaThe Cornea Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, IndiaPurpose:To investigate age- and sex-related differences in tear film parameters of normal Indian population and study interparametric relationships.MethodsHealthy subjects with no ocular disease (median ocular surface disease index = 0) were subjected to an automated evaluation of tear meniscus height (TMH), non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT) using Keratograph 5M (OCULUS GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), and tear osmolarity using the TearLab Osmolarity System (TearLab Corporation, California, USA). A mixed-effects model with random intercepts at the patient level was used to evaluate the relationships between explanatory (age, gender, and tear osmolarity) and outcome variables (TMH and NIBUT).ResultsA total of 237 subjects (474 eyes; 150 males) were enrolled with a mean age of 40 ± 17 years (range, 10-78 years). The mean values (± standard deviation) of TMH, NIBUT, and tear osmolarity were 0.34 ± 0.07 mm, 10.95 ± 2.02 s and 289.0 ± 5.8 mOsm/L, respectively. Age had a significant positive relationship with TMH (p < 0.0001; 0.002 mm/year; r = 0.12), but there was no effect on NIBUT (p = 0.26) and tear osmolarity (p = 0.27). There were no sex-based differences in tear film parameters. Interparametric relationship revealed no significant association between TMH and NIBUT (p = 0.12) or tear osmolarity and TMH (p = 0.83) or tear osmolarity and NIBUT values (p = 0.48).ConclusionsIn a normal Indian population, TMH is weakly affected by age and is independent of sex, NIBUT, and tear osmolarity. Tear breakup time and osmolarity show no significant age- and sex-related variation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.894184/fullnon-invasive tear break up timetear meniscus heighttear osmolaritytear film parametersmeibography |
| spellingShingle | Swati Singh Swati Singh Saumya Srivastav Ashik Mohamed Sayan Basu Sayan Basu Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric Relationship Frontiers in Medicine non-invasive tear break up time tear meniscus height tear osmolarity tear film parameters meibography |
| title | Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric Relationship |
| title_full | Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric Relationship |
| title_fullStr | Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric Relationship |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric Relationship |
| title_short | Non-invasive Tear Film Assessment in Normal Population: Effect of Age, Sex, and Interparametric Relationship |
| title_sort | non invasive tear film assessment in normal population effect of age sex and interparametric relationship |
| topic | non-invasive tear break up time tear meniscus height tear osmolarity tear film parameters meibography |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.894184/full |
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