Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators
Abstract Understanding novel actuating materials which respond to a variety of stimuli is key in the development of micro/nanoscale robotics. In this work, the mechanism of actuation in nickel hydroxide/oxyhydroxide actuators by the intercalation/deintercalation of water is examined. This effect is...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley-VCH
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Advanced Materials Interfaces |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202101072 |
| _version_ | 1797763866015301632 |
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| author | Joseph H. L. Hadden Marie Bouchet George Morgan D. Jason Riley |
| author_facet | Joseph H. L. Hadden Marie Bouchet George Morgan D. Jason Riley |
| author_sort | Joseph H. L. Hadden |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Understanding novel actuating materials which respond to a variety of stimuli is key in the development of micro/nanoscale robotics. In this work, the mechanism of actuation in nickel hydroxide/oxyhydroxide actuators by the intercalation/deintercalation of water is examined. This effect is studied under the stimuli of visible light, photoactuation, and by increased environmental temperature, thermoactuation. The photoactuation is modelled using a mechanical model, and it is demonstrated that the experimentally observed intrinsic strain can be achieved with a low deintercalation of water, around 1%. This low level of water exchange is supported by structural changes observed during heating using thin film X‐ray diffraction (XRD), as well as time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) by isotopic exchange using D2O. These results show the water intercalation hypothesis is both possible and measurable. Future development must take this mechanism into account when designing materials for improved actuation performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:48:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3cc3605653b4d61aa6960e246563c98 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2196-7350 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:48:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Materials Interfaces |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3cc3605653b4d61aa6960e246563c982023-08-02T03:24:30ZengWiley-VCHAdvanced Materials Interfaces2196-73502021-12-01824n/an/a10.1002/admi.202101072Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide PhotoactuatorsJoseph H. L. Hadden0Marie Bouchet1George Morgan2D. Jason Riley3Department of Materials Imperial College London Prince Consort Road London SW7 2AZ UKDepartment of Materials Imperial College London Prince Consort Road London SW7 2AZ UKDepartment of Materials Imperial College London Prince Consort Road London SW7 2AZ UKDepartment of Materials Imperial College London Prince Consort Road London SW7 2AZ UKAbstract Understanding novel actuating materials which respond to a variety of stimuli is key in the development of micro/nanoscale robotics. In this work, the mechanism of actuation in nickel hydroxide/oxyhydroxide actuators by the intercalation/deintercalation of water is examined. This effect is studied under the stimuli of visible light, photoactuation, and by increased environmental temperature, thermoactuation. The photoactuation is modelled using a mechanical model, and it is demonstrated that the experimentally observed intrinsic strain can be achieved with a low deintercalation of water, around 1%. This low level of water exchange is supported by structural changes observed during heating using thin film X‐ray diffraction (XRD), as well as time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) by isotopic exchange using D2O. These results show the water intercalation hypothesis is both possible and measurable. Future development must take this mechanism into account when designing materials for improved actuation performance.https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202101072actuatorselectrochemical actuatorsnickel hydroxidenickel oxyhydroxidephotoactuationthermoactuation |
| spellingShingle | Joseph H. L. Hadden Marie Bouchet George Morgan D. Jason Riley Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators Advanced Materials Interfaces actuators electrochemical actuators nickel hydroxide nickel oxyhydroxide photoactuation thermoactuation |
| title | Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators |
| title_full | Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators |
| title_fullStr | Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators |
| title_short | Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators |
| title_sort | mechanism of actuation in nickel hydroxide oxyhydroxide photoactuators |
| topic | actuators electrochemical actuators nickel hydroxide nickel oxyhydroxide photoactuation thermoactuation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202101072 |
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