Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Isothiocyanates against Red Imported Fire Ants, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i>
Contact and fumigation toxicity of four isothiocyanates (ITCs), including allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (3BITC), 3-(methylthio) propyl isothiocyanate (3MPITC) and 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (2PEITC), were evaluated against the red imported fire ant worker, <i>Solenops...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/716 |
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| author | Yuzhe Du Michael J. Grodowitz Jian Chen |
| author_facet | Yuzhe Du Michael J. Grodowitz Jian Chen |
| author_sort | Yuzhe Du |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Contact and fumigation toxicity of four isothiocyanates (ITCs), including allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (3BITC), 3-(methylthio) propyl isothiocyanate (3MPITC) and 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (2PEITC), were evaluated against the red imported fire ant worker, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> Buren. 2PEITC and 3MPITC exhibited strong contact toxicity. The median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>)value of AITC, 2PEITC and 3MPITC were 7.99, 2.36 and 2.09 µg/ant respectively. In addition, AITC and 3MPITC also showed strong fumigation toxicity but not 2PEITC. The median lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) values of AITC and 3MPITC were 32.49 and 57.6 µg/L, respectively. In contrast, 3BITC did not exhibit any contact and fumigation toxicity even at 100 μg/μL. Esterase (EST), glutathione <i>S</i>-transferase (GST) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-inhibiting activities were assessed for three ITCs in <i>S. invicta</i> workers. All three ITCs inhibited both EST and GST activities but not AChE. The in vitro half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>)values of AITC, 2PEITC and 3MPITC for GST were 3.32, 0.61 and 0.66 µg/µL, respectively. These results suggested that naturally occurring ITCs might be potentially useful for developing fire ants control products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:01:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3d5beffdac6456898ca1453643fe31a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:01:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3d5beffdac6456898ca1453643fe31a2023-11-19T23:31:16ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2020-05-0110571610.3390/biom10050716Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Isothiocyanates against Red Imported Fire Ants, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i>Yuzhe Du0Michael J. Grodowitz1Jian Chen2National Biological Control Laboratory, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 59 Lee Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USANational Biological Control Laboratory, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 59 Lee Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USANational Biological Control Laboratory, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 59 Lee Road, Stoneville, MS 38776, USAContact and fumigation toxicity of four isothiocyanates (ITCs), including allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), 3-butenyl isothiocyanate (3BITC), 3-(methylthio) propyl isothiocyanate (3MPITC) and 2-phenylethyl isothiocyanate (2PEITC), were evaluated against the red imported fire ant worker, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> Buren. 2PEITC and 3MPITC exhibited strong contact toxicity. The median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>)value of AITC, 2PEITC and 3MPITC were 7.99, 2.36 and 2.09 µg/ant respectively. In addition, AITC and 3MPITC also showed strong fumigation toxicity but not 2PEITC. The median lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) values of AITC and 3MPITC were 32.49 and 57.6 µg/L, respectively. In contrast, 3BITC did not exhibit any contact and fumigation toxicity even at 100 μg/μL. Esterase (EST), glutathione <i>S</i>-transferase (GST) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-inhibiting activities were assessed for three ITCs in <i>S. invicta</i> workers. All three ITCs inhibited both EST and GST activities but not AChE. The in vitro half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>)values of AITC, 2PEITC and 3MPITC for GST were 3.32, 0.61 and 0.66 µg/µL, respectively. These results suggested that naturally occurring ITCs might be potentially useful for developing fire ants control products.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/716isothiocyanatesred imported fire ants<i>Solenopsis invicta</i>contact and fumigation toxicityesteraseglutathione <i>S</i>-transferase |
| spellingShingle | Yuzhe Du Michael J. Grodowitz Jian Chen Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Isothiocyanates against Red Imported Fire Ants, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> Biomolecules isothiocyanates red imported fire ants <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> contact and fumigation toxicity esterase glutathione <i>S</i>-transferase |
| title | Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Isothiocyanates against Red Imported Fire Ants, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> |
| title_full | Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Isothiocyanates against Red Imported Fire Ants, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> |
| title_fullStr | Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Isothiocyanates against Red Imported Fire Ants, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Isothiocyanates against Red Imported Fire Ants, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> |
| title_short | Insecticidal and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Isothiocyanates against Red Imported Fire Ants, <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> |
| title_sort | insecticidal and enzyme inhibitory activities of isothiocyanates against red imported fire ants i solenopsis invicta i |
| topic | isothiocyanates red imported fire ants <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> contact and fumigation toxicity esterase glutathione <i>S</i>-transferase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/716 |
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