| Yhteenveto: | Six new pairs of <i>γ</i>-pyrone polypropionate enantiomers with an unusual peroxyl bridge at the side chain, namely (±)-ocellatuperoxides A–F (<b>1</b>–<b>6</b>), were isolated and characterized from the South China Sea photosynthetic mollusk <i>Placobranchus ocellatus</i>. Extensive spectroscopic analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, ECD- (electronic circular dichroism) comparison, and TDDFT (time-dependent density functional theory) ECD computation were used to determine the structures and absolute configurations of new compounds. In a cell viability assay, several compounds showed considerable anti-tumoral effects on human non-small cell lung cancer cells A549 with Gefitinib (7.4 μM) and Erlotinib (2.1 μM) as positive controls. Further RNA-sequencing analysis and gene expression evaluation indicated that the anti-tumoral activity of the most effective compound <b>3</b> was associated with the regulation of several important genes, such as FGFR1 and HDAC5.
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