A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast Cancer
Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of death among women, and it has become a global health issue due to the increasing number of cases. Different treatment options, including radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy and anti-estrogen therapy, aromatase inhibitors, anti-angiogenesis drugs, and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/11/3412 |
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| author | Muhammad Naeem Muhammad Omer Iqbal Humaira Khan Muhammad Masood Ahmed Muhammad Farooq Muhammad Moeen Aadil Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin Abu Hazafa Wan-Chi Tsai |
| author_facet | Muhammad Naeem Muhammad Omer Iqbal Humaira Khan Muhammad Masood Ahmed Muhammad Farooq Muhammad Moeen Aadil Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin Abu Hazafa Wan-Chi Tsai |
| author_sort | Muhammad Naeem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of death among women, and it has become a global health issue due to the increasing number of cases. Different treatment options, including radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy and anti-estrogen therapy, aromatase inhibitors, anti-angiogenesis drugs, and anthracyclines, are available for BC treatment. However, due to its high occurrence and disease progression, effective therapeutic options for metastatic BC are still lacking. Considering this scenario, there is an urgent need for an effective therapeutic strategy to meet the current challenges of BC. Natural products have been screened as anticancer agents as they are cost-effective, possess low toxicity and fewer side effects, and are considered alternative therapeutic options for BC therapy. Natural products showed anticancer activities against BC through the inhibition of angiogenesis, cell migrations, proliferations, and tumor growth; cell cycle arrest by inducing apoptosis and cell death, the downstream regulation of signaling pathways (such as Notch, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, and NFAT-MDM2), and the regulation of EMT processes. Natural products also acted synergistically to overcome the drug resistance issue, thus improving their efficacy as an emerging therapeutic option for BC therapy. This review focused on the emerging roles of novel natural products and derived bioactive compounds as therapeutic agents against BC. The present review also discussed the mechanism of action through signaling pathways and the synergistic approach of natural compounds to improve their efficacy. We discussed the recent in vivo and in vitro studies for exploring the overexpression of oncogenes in the case of BC and the current status of newly discovered natural products in clinical investigations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:04:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3dc708713344b339055d18c78ec5253 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:04:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3dc708713344b339055d18c78ec52532023-11-23T14:28:22ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-05-012711341210.3390/molecules27113412A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast CancerMuhammad Naeem0Muhammad Omer Iqbal1Humaira Khan2Muhammad Masood Ahmed3Muhammad Farooq4Muhammad Moeen Aadil5Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin6Abu Hazafa7Wan-Chi Tsai8College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, PakistanFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Times Institute, Multan 60000, PakistanDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, PakistanDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, PakistanBioinspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, TaiwanBreast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of death among women, and it has become a global health issue due to the increasing number of cases. Different treatment options, including radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy and anti-estrogen therapy, aromatase inhibitors, anti-angiogenesis drugs, and anthracyclines, are available for BC treatment. However, due to its high occurrence and disease progression, effective therapeutic options for metastatic BC are still lacking. Considering this scenario, there is an urgent need for an effective therapeutic strategy to meet the current challenges of BC. Natural products have been screened as anticancer agents as they are cost-effective, possess low toxicity and fewer side effects, and are considered alternative therapeutic options for BC therapy. Natural products showed anticancer activities against BC through the inhibition of angiogenesis, cell migrations, proliferations, and tumor growth; cell cycle arrest by inducing apoptosis and cell death, the downstream regulation of signaling pathways (such as Notch, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK/ERK, and NFAT-MDM2), and the regulation of EMT processes. Natural products also acted synergistically to overcome the drug resistance issue, thus improving their efficacy as an emerging therapeutic option for BC therapy. This review focused on the emerging roles of novel natural products and derived bioactive compounds as therapeutic agents against BC. The present review also discussed the mechanism of action through signaling pathways and the synergistic approach of natural compounds to improve their efficacy. We discussed the recent in vivo and in vitro studies for exploring the overexpression of oncogenes in the case of BC and the current status of newly discovered natural products in clinical investigations.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/11/3412breast cancernatural productstranscription factorssignaling pathwaystreatmenttherapeutic agents |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Naeem Muhammad Omer Iqbal Humaira Khan Muhammad Masood Ahmed Muhammad Farooq Muhammad Moeen Aadil Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin Abu Hazafa Wan-Chi Tsai A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast Cancer Molecules breast cancer natural products transcription factors signaling pathways treatment therapeutic agents |
| title | A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast Cancer |
| title_full | A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast Cancer |
| title_fullStr | A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast Cancer |
| title_short | A Review of Twenty Years of Research on the Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Natural Products in Breast Cancer |
| title_sort | review of twenty years of research on the regulation of signaling pathways by natural products in breast cancer |
| topic | breast cancer natural products transcription factors signaling pathways treatment therapeutic agents |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/11/3412 |
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