Assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the Philippines using an unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach: evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)
Assessment of urban river sediment quality is paramount to understanding the impacts of urbanization on aquatic ecosystems and public health. The study evaluated the health impacts and sources of heavy metal pollutants in the Mangonbangon river, Tacloban City. With the abundance of heavy metal conta...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IWA Publishing
2022-09-01
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| Series: | H2Open Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://h2oj.iwaponline.com/content/5/3/412 |
| _version_ | 1817984286860509184 |
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| author | Custer Calingasan Deocaris Reymar Ratonel Diwa Princess Barreo Tucio |
| author_facet | Custer Calingasan Deocaris Reymar Ratonel Diwa Princess Barreo Tucio |
| author_sort | Custer Calingasan Deocaris |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Assessment of urban river sediment quality is paramount to understanding the impacts of urbanization on aquatic ecosystems and public health. The study evaluated the health impacts and sources of heavy metal pollutants in the Mangonbangon river, Tacloban City. With the abundance of heavy metal contaminants in the river sediment (Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Co), Hazard indices (HIs) ranged from 0.04 to 0.10 for adults and 0.31 to 0.90 for children suggesting little or no non-carcinogenic effects to the population. Lifetime cancer risk (LCR) is below the tolerable threshold of 10−4, with Co contributing 61% of the cancer risk. Using unconstrained ordination and the GIS-based method (UOGM), we showed two non-multidimensional scaling groups of pollutants distributed based on dwelling density, presence of informal settlers, and types of activity at the sample sites. Given that sampling was performed three years after the city-wide destruction by Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda), our analysis indicates the return of anthropogenic activities and pollution-related health problems in Tacloban. Our results reinforce the urgent need for proper river management and economic zoning to help curb the rapidly growing heavy metal pollution problem at its earliest stage.
HIGHLIGHTS
Heavy metal pollution in the river was mainly from municipal discharge.;
Co poses the highest cancer risk among the carcinogenic metals.;
Non-multidimensional scaling analysis combined with GIS identified Co as anthropogenic.;
Three years after Typhoon Haiyan, the heavy metal profile suggested the resurgence of anthropogenic activity.; |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:43:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3dd6441b45e4154b6f780a7a12ab594 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2616-6518 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:43:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | IWA Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | H2Open Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3dd6441b45e4154b6f780a7a12ab5942022-12-22T02:24:25ZengIWA PublishingH2Open Journal2616-65182022-09-015341242310.2166/h2oj.2022.012012Assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the Philippines using an unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach: evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)Custer Calingasan Deocaris0Reymar Ratonel Diwa1Princess Barreo Tucio2 Department of Science & Technology, Atomic Research Division, Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines Department of Science & Technology, Atomic Research Division, Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines Earth and Space Sciences Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Rizal Technological University, Mandaluyong City 1550, Philippines Assessment of urban river sediment quality is paramount to understanding the impacts of urbanization on aquatic ecosystems and public health. The study evaluated the health impacts and sources of heavy metal pollutants in the Mangonbangon river, Tacloban City. With the abundance of heavy metal contaminants in the river sediment (Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Co), Hazard indices (HIs) ranged from 0.04 to 0.10 for adults and 0.31 to 0.90 for children suggesting little or no non-carcinogenic effects to the population. Lifetime cancer risk (LCR) is below the tolerable threshold of 10−4, with Co contributing 61% of the cancer risk. Using unconstrained ordination and the GIS-based method (UOGM), we showed two non-multidimensional scaling groups of pollutants distributed based on dwelling density, presence of informal settlers, and types of activity at the sample sites. Given that sampling was performed three years after the city-wide destruction by Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda), our analysis indicates the return of anthropogenic activities and pollution-related health problems in Tacloban. Our results reinforce the urgent need for proper river management and economic zoning to help curb the rapidly growing heavy metal pollution problem at its earliest stage. HIGHLIGHTS Heavy metal pollution in the river was mainly from municipal discharge.; Co poses the highest cancer risk among the carcinogenic metals.; Non-multidimensional scaling analysis combined with GIS identified Co as anthropogenic.; Three years after Typhoon Haiyan, the heavy metal profile suggested the resurgence of anthropogenic activity.;http://h2oj.iwaponline.com/content/5/3/412health indicesheavy metalsmangonbangon rivernon-metric multidimensional scalingpollutiontyphoon haiyan (yolanda) |
| spellingShingle | Custer Calingasan Deocaris Reymar Ratonel Diwa Princess Barreo Tucio Assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the Philippines using an unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach: evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) H2Open Journal health indices heavy metals mangonbangon river non-metric multidimensional scaling pollution typhoon haiyan (yolanda) |
| title | Assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the Philippines using an unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach: evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) |
| title_full | Assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the Philippines using an unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach: evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the Philippines using an unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach: evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the Philippines using an unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach: evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) |
| title_short | Assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the Philippines using an unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach: evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) |
| title_sort | assessment of heavy metal levels in an urban river in the philippines using an unconstrained ordination and gis based approach evidence of the return of past pollution after the 2013 typhoon haiyan yolanda |
| topic | health indices heavy metals mangonbangon river non-metric multidimensional scaling pollution typhoon haiyan (yolanda) |
| url | http://h2oj.iwaponline.com/content/5/3/412 |
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