Evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffron
In order to evaluate the effects of organic, chemical and biological fertilizers and summer irrigation on growth characteristics, corm yield, flower yield and stigma yield of saffron, field experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at A...
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| Format: | Article |
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University of Torbat Heydarieh
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Zirā̒at va Fanāvarī-i Za̒farān |
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| Online Access: | http://saffron.torbath.ac.ir/article_58033_f400a811f856c267a7320bba51ef4219.pdf |
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| author | Ghorban Ali Asadi soror Khorramdel Reza Ghorbani Bahareh Bicharanlou |
| author_facet | Ghorban Ali Asadi soror Khorramdel Reza Ghorbani Bahareh Bicharanlou |
| author_sort | Ghorban Ali Asadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In order to evaluate the effects of organic, chemical and biological fertilizers and summer irrigation on growth characteristics, corm yield, flower yield and stigma yield of saffron, field experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at Agricultural Research station, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during three growing season of 2013-2014, 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. The first factor included of animal cow manure (a1), chemical fertilizer (such as Nitrogen, P and K) (a2), Thiobacillus (a3), sulfur (a4), a3+a4 and control (a5) and the second factor was summer irrigation in three levels such as conventional irrigation (A: without summer irrigation), A+ once summer irrigation (23 July), A+ twice summer irrigation (22 June+23 July). Studied characteristics were number and fresh weight of flower, dry weight of stigma, corm diameter, corm weight in four groups (16 g), corms with contractile roots, number of flowering buds per corm, leaf length, dry weight of leaf and dry weight of tunic of saffron. The results in the third of experiment revealed that the interaction effect between fertilizers and summer irrigation were significant (P≤0.01) on all studied traits of saffron except stigma dry weight, corms with weight more than 16 g and dry weight of daughter corms. The highest flower number (282.7 per m2), flower fresh weight (103.2 g/m2), stigma dry weight (1.73 g/m2), leaf dry weight (13.33 g/m2), buds dry weight (4.61 g/m2), flowering buds number per corm (2.627), corm percentage with cractile roots (58.41%), corm diameter (2.97 cm) and corms in different weight were obtained in animal manure and A+once summer irrigation. About simple effects, the highest stigma dry weight and dry weight of daughter corms were observed in animal manure and the highest amount of this traits were obtained in treatment A+once summer irrigation. It seems that summer irrigation increased the flower and stigma yield of saffron due to decreasing soil temperature. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T12:03:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3ebbdc4055d408ca1041e3aebd82db8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2383-1529 2383-2142 |
| language | fas |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T12:03:42Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | University of Torbat Heydarieh |
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| series | Zirā̒at va Fanāvarī-i Za̒farān |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3ebbdc4055d408ca1041e3aebd82db82022-12-21T22:32:23ZfasUniversity of Torbat HeydariehZirā̒at va Fanāvarī-i Za̒farān2383-15292383-21422018-12-016439341410.22048/jsat.2018.70724.120558033Evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffronGhorban Ali Asadi0soror Khorramdel1Reza Ghorbani2Bahareh Bicharanlou3Associate Professor, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranAssociate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranProfessor, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranPhD student in Agroecology, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranIn order to evaluate the effects of organic, chemical and biological fertilizers and summer irrigation on growth characteristics, corm yield, flower yield and stigma yield of saffron, field experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at Agricultural Research station, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during three growing season of 2013-2014, 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. The first factor included of animal cow manure (a1), chemical fertilizer (such as Nitrogen, P and K) (a2), Thiobacillus (a3), sulfur (a4), a3+a4 and control (a5) and the second factor was summer irrigation in three levels such as conventional irrigation (A: without summer irrigation), A+ once summer irrigation (23 July), A+ twice summer irrigation (22 June+23 July). Studied characteristics were number and fresh weight of flower, dry weight of stigma, corm diameter, corm weight in four groups (16 g), corms with contractile roots, number of flowering buds per corm, leaf length, dry weight of leaf and dry weight of tunic of saffron. The results in the third of experiment revealed that the interaction effect between fertilizers and summer irrigation were significant (P≤0.01) on all studied traits of saffron except stigma dry weight, corms with weight more than 16 g and dry weight of daughter corms. The highest flower number (282.7 per m2), flower fresh weight (103.2 g/m2), stigma dry weight (1.73 g/m2), leaf dry weight (13.33 g/m2), buds dry weight (4.61 g/m2), flowering buds number per corm (2.627), corm percentage with cractile roots (58.41%), corm diameter (2.97 cm) and corms in different weight were obtained in animal manure and A+once summer irrigation. About simple effects, the highest stigma dry weight and dry weight of daughter corms were observed in animal manure and the highest amount of this traits were obtained in treatment A+once summer irrigation. It seems that summer irrigation increased the flower and stigma yield of saffron due to decreasing soil temperature.http://saffron.torbath.ac.ir/article_58033_f400a811f856c267a7320bba51ef4219.pdfContractile rootsflower numberflowering buds per cormStigma yieldDaughter cormsCow manure |
| spellingShingle | Ghorban Ali Asadi soror Khorramdel Reza Ghorbani Bahareh Bicharanlou Evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffron Zirā̒at va Fanāvarī-i Za̒farān Contractile roots flower number flowering buds per corm Stigma yield Daughter corms Cow manure |
| title | Evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffron |
| title_full | Evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffron |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffron |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffron |
| title_short | Evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffron |
| title_sort | evaluation of integrated management of soil fertilizers and summer irrigation on agronomic criteria and flower and stigma yield of saffron |
| topic | Contractile roots flower number flowering buds per corm Stigma yield Daughter corms Cow manure |
| url | http://saffron.torbath.ac.ir/article_58033_f400a811f856c267a7320bba51ef4219.pdf |
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