Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique
<h4>Background</h4> Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be prevented by vaccination. Exposure to blood or body fluids poses a high risk of transmission of HBV in health care workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of markers of exposure, susceptibility, and protect...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9565706/?tool=EBI |
| _version_ | 1811237511523991552 |
|---|---|
| author | Nédio Mabunda Lúcia Vieira Imelda Chelene Cremildo Maueia Ana Flora Zicai Ana Duajá Falume Chale Lúcia Chambal Adolfo Vubil Orvalho Augusto |
| author_facet | Nédio Mabunda Lúcia Vieira Imelda Chelene Cremildo Maueia Ana Flora Zicai Ana Duajá Falume Chale Lúcia Chambal Adolfo Vubil Orvalho Augusto |
| author_sort | Nédio Mabunda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4> Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be prevented by vaccination. Exposure to blood or body fluids poses a high risk of transmission of HBV in health care workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of markers of exposure, susceptibility, and protection to HBV infection in HCWs in Beira, Mozambique. <h4>Methods</h4> A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2020 in Beira City, Mozambique, in HCWs based on self-administered questionnaires and blood samples. Plasma samples were tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and HBV viral load (HBV DNA). <h4>Results</h4> Most of the 315 HCWs in the study were nurses (125; 39.7%). Of the HCWs, 5.1% (16; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.9 to 8.1%) were infected by HBV (HBsAg and/or HBV DNA positive). Occult HBV infection (OBI) (HBV DNA positive and HBsAg negative) was found in 0.3% (1; 95% CI: 0.0 to 1.8%) of participants; 27.9% (88; 95% CI: 23.1 to 33.2%) were susceptible (negative for all markers), 6.3% (20; 95% CI: 3.9 to 9.6) were immune due to natural infection (anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive only), while 60% (189; 95% CI: 54.4 to 65.5) were immune due to vaccination (anti-HBs positive only). <h4>Conclusion</h4> This study showed a high intermediate prevalence of chronic hepatitis B among healthcare workers in Beira City, Central Mozambique, and one-third of healthcare workers were susceptible to HBV infection. There is a need to implement a national hepatitis B screening and vaccination strategy among healthcare workers in Mozambique. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:24:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3ed09769d1a460da271890d7d885067 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:24:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3ed09769d1a460da271890d7d8850672022-12-22T03:33:12ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-011710Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, MozambiqueNédio MabundaLúcia VieiraImelda CheleneCremildo MaueiaAna Flora ZicaiAna DuajáFalume ChaleLúcia ChambalAdolfo VubilOrvalho Augusto<h4>Background</h4> Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can be prevented by vaccination. Exposure to blood or body fluids poses a high risk of transmission of HBV in health care workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of markers of exposure, susceptibility, and protection to HBV infection in HCWs in Beira, Mozambique. <h4>Methods</h4> A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2020 in Beira City, Mozambique, in HCWs based on self-administered questionnaires and blood samples. Plasma samples were tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) and HBV viral load (HBV DNA). <h4>Results</h4> Most of the 315 HCWs in the study were nurses (125; 39.7%). Of the HCWs, 5.1% (16; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.9 to 8.1%) were infected by HBV (HBsAg and/or HBV DNA positive). Occult HBV infection (OBI) (HBV DNA positive and HBsAg negative) was found in 0.3% (1; 95% CI: 0.0 to 1.8%) of participants; 27.9% (88; 95% CI: 23.1 to 33.2%) were susceptible (negative for all markers), 6.3% (20; 95% CI: 3.9 to 9.6) were immune due to natural infection (anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive only), while 60% (189; 95% CI: 54.4 to 65.5) were immune due to vaccination (anti-HBs positive only). <h4>Conclusion</h4> This study showed a high intermediate prevalence of chronic hepatitis B among healthcare workers in Beira City, Central Mozambique, and one-third of healthcare workers were susceptible to HBV infection. There is a need to implement a national hepatitis B screening and vaccination strategy among healthcare workers in Mozambique.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9565706/?tool=EBI |
| spellingShingle | Nédio Mabunda Lúcia Vieira Imelda Chelene Cremildo Maueia Ana Flora Zicai Ana Duajá Falume Chale Lúcia Chambal Adolfo Vubil Orvalho Augusto Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique PLoS ONE |
| title | Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique |
| title_full | Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique |
| title_short | Prevalence of hepatitis B virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in Beira City, Mozambique |
| title_sort | prevalence of hepatitis b virus and immunity status among healthcare workers in beira city mozambique |
| url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9565706/?tool=EBI |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nediomabunda prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT luciavieira prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT imeldachelene prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT cremildomaueia prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT anaflorazicai prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT anaduaja prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT falumechale prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT luciachambal prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT adolfovubil prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique AT orvalhoaugusto prevalenceofhepatitisbvirusandimmunitystatusamonghealthcareworkersinbeiracitymozambique |