Bone Mineral Density Changes during Weight Regain following Weight Loss with and without Exercise
The purpose of this study was to compare changes in bone mineral density (BMD) over a 6 month follow up (period of weight regain) in overweight, postmenopausal women having previously completed a 6 month weight loss (WL) intervention with and without aerobic exercise (AEX). Women (BMI > 25 kg/m&l...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2848 |
| _version_ | 1797522515265847296 |
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| author | Monica C. Serra Alice S. Ryan |
| author_facet | Monica C. Serra Alice S. Ryan |
| author_sort | Monica C. Serra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this study was to compare changes in bone mineral density (BMD) over a 6 month follow up (period of weight regain) in overweight, postmenopausal women having previously completed a 6 month weight loss (WL) intervention with and without aerobic exercise (AEX). Women (BMI > 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) underwent VO<sub>2</sub>max and DEXA scans at baseline, after 6 months of WL or AEX + WL, and at 12 months ad libitum follow up. Both groups lost ~9% body weight from 0 to 6 months and regained ~2% from 6 to 12 months, while losing ~4% of appendicular lean mass (ALM) across the 12-month study duration. VO<sub>2</sub>max increased 10% from 0 to 6 months and declined 12% from 6 to 12 months for AEX + WL, with no changes for WL. Total body (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and total femur (<i>p</i> = 0.03) BMD decreased similar between groups across time (combined groups: 0–6 months: total body: −1.2% and total femur: −1.2%; 6–12 months: total body: −0.26% and total femur: −0.09%). Less ALM loss and greater VO<sub>2</sub>max increases during the WL phase were associated with attenuated BMD loss at various anatomical sites during periods of weight regain (6–12 months) <i>p</i>’s < 0.05). Results suggest that BMD loss may continue following WL, despite weight regain. Further, this study adds to the literature by suggesting that preventing declines in muscle quality and function during WL may attenuate the loss of BMD during weight regain. Future studies are needed to identify mechanisms underlying WL-induced bone loss so that effective practices can be designed to minimize the loss of BMD during WL and weight maintenance in older women. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:30:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b3f02ad2e5274cc6b3140670ce0dbb4a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:30:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-b3f02ad2e5274cc6b3140670ce0dbb4a2023-11-22T09:07:02ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-08-01138284810.3390/nu13082848Bone Mineral Density Changes during Weight Regain following Weight Loss with and without ExerciseMonica C. Serra0Alice S. Ryan1Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Medicine and the Sam & Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity & Aging Studies, Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USADivision of Gerontology and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USAThe purpose of this study was to compare changes in bone mineral density (BMD) over a 6 month follow up (period of weight regain) in overweight, postmenopausal women having previously completed a 6 month weight loss (WL) intervention with and without aerobic exercise (AEX). Women (BMI > 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) underwent VO<sub>2</sub>max and DEXA scans at baseline, after 6 months of WL or AEX + WL, and at 12 months ad libitum follow up. Both groups lost ~9% body weight from 0 to 6 months and regained ~2% from 6 to 12 months, while losing ~4% of appendicular lean mass (ALM) across the 12-month study duration. VO<sub>2</sub>max increased 10% from 0 to 6 months and declined 12% from 6 to 12 months for AEX + WL, with no changes for WL. Total body (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and total femur (<i>p</i> = 0.03) BMD decreased similar between groups across time (combined groups: 0–6 months: total body: −1.2% and total femur: −1.2%; 6–12 months: total body: −0.26% and total femur: −0.09%). Less ALM loss and greater VO<sub>2</sub>max increases during the WL phase were associated with attenuated BMD loss at various anatomical sites during periods of weight regain (6–12 months) <i>p</i>’s < 0.05). Results suggest that BMD loss may continue following WL, despite weight regain. Further, this study adds to the literature by suggesting that preventing declines in muscle quality and function during WL may attenuate the loss of BMD during weight regain. Future studies are needed to identify mechanisms underlying WL-induced bone loss so that effective practices can be designed to minimize the loss of BMD during WL and weight maintenance in older women.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2848bone mineral densityexerciseweight lossweight regainagingpostmenopausal women |
| spellingShingle | Monica C. Serra Alice S. Ryan Bone Mineral Density Changes during Weight Regain following Weight Loss with and without Exercise Nutrients bone mineral density exercise weight loss weight regain aging postmenopausal women |
| title | Bone Mineral Density Changes during Weight Regain following Weight Loss with and without Exercise |
| title_full | Bone Mineral Density Changes during Weight Regain following Weight Loss with and without Exercise |
| title_fullStr | Bone Mineral Density Changes during Weight Regain following Weight Loss with and without Exercise |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bone Mineral Density Changes during Weight Regain following Weight Loss with and without Exercise |
| title_short | Bone Mineral Density Changes during Weight Regain following Weight Loss with and without Exercise |
| title_sort | bone mineral density changes during weight regain following weight loss with and without exercise |
| topic | bone mineral density exercise weight loss weight regain aging postmenopausal women |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2848 |
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