The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation
Many investigations are currently being performed to develop the effective synthesis methodology of magnetic nanoparticles with appropriately functionalized surfaces. Here, the novelty of the presented work involves the preparation of nano-sized PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/6/1744 |
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| author | Magdalena Kędzierska Piotr Potemski Anna Drabczyk Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk Magdalena Głąb Beata Grabowska Dariusz Mierzwiński Bożena Tyliszczak |
| author_facet | Magdalena Kędzierska Piotr Potemski Anna Drabczyk Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk Magdalena Głąb Beata Grabowska Dariusz Mierzwiński Bożena Tyliszczak |
| author_sort | Magdalena Kędzierska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many investigations are currently being performed to develop the effective synthesis methodology of magnetic nanoparticles with appropriately functionalized surfaces. Here, the novelty of the presented work involves the preparation of nano-sized PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag particles, i.e., the main purpose was the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles with a functionalized surface. Firstly, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles were prepared via the Massart process. Next, Ag+ reduction was conducted in the presence of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles to form a nanosilver coating. The reaction was performed with arabic gum as a stabilizing agent. Sound energy-using sonication was applied to disintegrate the particles’ agglomerates. Next, the PEGylation process aimed at the formation of a coating on the particles’ surface using PEG (poly(ethylene glycol)) has been performed. It was proved that the arabic gum limited the agglomeration of nanoparticles, which was probably caused by the steric effect caused by the branched compounds from the stabilizer that adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles. This effect was also enhanced by the electrostatic repulsions. The process of sonication caused the disintegration of aggregates. Formation of iron (II, III) oxide with a cubic structure was proved by diffraction peaks. Formation of a nanosilver coating on the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles was confirmed by diffraction peaks with 2θ values 38.15° and 44.35°. PEG coating on the particles’ surface was proven via FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) analysis. Obtained PEG–nanosilver-coated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles may find applications as carriers for targeted drug delivery using an external magnetic field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:04:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b40964be409b4292b07a7d7cfe3f5d24 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:04:08Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-b40964be409b4292b07a7d7cfe3f5d242023-11-21T11:18:27ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-03-01266174410.3390/molecules26061744The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical EvaluationMagdalena Kędzierska0Piotr Potemski1Anna Drabczyk2Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk3Magdalena Głąb4Beata Grabowska5Dariusz Mierzwiński6Bożena Tyliszczak7Department of Chemotherapy, Medical University of Lodz, WWCOiT Copernicus Hospital, 90-001 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Chemotherapy, Medical University of Lodz, WWCOiT Copernicus Hospital, 90-001 Lodz, PolandInstitute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandInstitute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandInstitute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandFaculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH University of Technology, 23 Reymonta St., 30-059 Krakow, PolandInstitute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandInstitute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, 37 Jana Pawła II Av., 31-864 Krakow, PolandMany investigations are currently being performed to develop the effective synthesis methodology of magnetic nanoparticles with appropriately functionalized surfaces. Here, the novelty of the presented work involves the preparation of nano-sized PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag particles, i.e., the main purpose was the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles with a functionalized surface. Firstly, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles were prepared via the Massart process. Next, Ag+ reduction was conducted in the presence of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles to form a nanosilver coating. The reaction was performed with arabic gum as a stabilizing agent. Sound energy-using sonication was applied to disintegrate the particles’ agglomerates. Next, the PEGylation process aimed at the formation of a coating on the particles’ surface using PEG (poly(ethylene glycol)) has been performed. It was proved that the arabic gum limited the agglomeration of nanoparticles, which was probably caused by the steric effect caused by the branched compounds from the stabilizer that adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles. This effect was also enhanced by the electrostatic repulsions. The process of sonication caused the disintegration of aggregates. Formation of iron (II, III) oxide with a cubic structure was proved by diffraction peaks. Formation of a nanosilver coating on the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles was confirmed by diffraction peaks with 2θ values 38.15° and 44.35°. PEG coating on the particles’ surface was proven via FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) analysis. Obtained PEG–nanosilver-coated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles may find applications as carriers for targeted drug delivery using an external magnetic field.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/6/1744iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticlesFe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticlessilver nanoparticlespoly(ethylene glycol)PEGMassart synthesis |
| spellingShingle | Magdalena Kędzierska Piotr Potemski Anna Drabczyk Sonia Kudłacik-Kramarczyk Magdalena Głąb Beata Grabowska Dariusz Mierzwiński Bożena Tyliszczak The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation Molecules iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticles Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles silver nanoparticles poly(ethylene glycol) PEG Massart synthesis |
| title | The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation |
| title_full | The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation |
| title_fullStr | The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation |
| title_short | The Synthesis Methodology of PEGylated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ag Nanoparticles Supported by Their Physicochemical Evaluation |
| title_sort | synthesis methodology of pegylated fe sub 3 sub o sub 4 sub ag nanoparticles supported by their physicochemical evaluation |
| topic | iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticles Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles silver nanoparticles poly(ethylene glycol) PEG Massart synthesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/6/1744 |
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