Carbon Xerogel Nanostructures with Integrated Bi and Fe Components for Hydrogen Peroxide and Heavy Metal Detection
Multifunctional Bi- and Fe-modified carbon xerogel composites (CXBiFe), with different Fe concentrations, were obtained by a resorcinol–formaldehyde sol–gel method, followed by drying in ambient conditions and pyrolysis treatment. The morphological and structural characterization performed by X-ray...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/1/117 |
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| author | Carmen I. Fort Mihai M. Rusu Liviu C. Cotet Adriana Vulpoi Ileana Florea Sandrine Tuseau-Nenez Monica Baia Mihaela Baibarac Lucian Baia |
| author_facet | Carmen I. Fort Mihai M. Rusu Liviu C. Cotet Adriana Vulpoi Ileana Florea Sandrine Tuseau-Nenez Monica Baia Mihaela Baibarac Lucian Baia |
| author_sort | Carmen I. Fort |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multifunctional Bi- and Fe-modified carbon xerogel composites (CXBiFe), with different Fe concentrations, were obtained by a resorcinol–formaldehyde sol–gel method, followed by drying in ambient conditions and pyrolysis treatment. The morphological and structural characterization performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption/desorption porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning/transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analyses, indicates the formation of carbon-based nanocomposites with integrated Bi and Fe oxide nanoparticles. At higher Fe concentrations, Bi-Fe-O interactions lead to the formation of hybrid nanostructures and off-stoichiometric Bi<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub> mullite-like structures together with an excess of iron oxide nanoparticles. To examine the effect of the Fe content on the electrochemical performance of the CXBiFe composites, the obtained powders were initially dispersed in a chitosan solution and applied on the surface of glassy carbon electrodes. Then, the multifunctional character of the CXBiFe systems is assessed by involving the obtained modified electrodes for the detection of different analytes, such as biomarkers (hydrogen peroxide) and heavy metal ions (i.e., Pb<sup>2+</sup>). The achieved results indicate a drop in the detection limit for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> as Fe content increases. Even though the current results suggest that the surface modifications of the Bi phase with Fe and O impurities lower Pb<sup>2+</sup> detection efficiencies, Pb<sup>2+</sup> sensing well below the admitted concentrations for drinkable water is also noticed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:41:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b40a57b3bdcc4184bbcf73a8dbbab644 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:41:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-b40a57b3bdcc4184bbcf73a8dbbab6442023-11-21T03:00:20ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-12-0126111710.3390/molecules26010117Carbon Xerogel Nanostructures with Integrated Bi and Fe Components for Hydrogen Peroxide and Heavy Metal DetectionCarmen I. Fort0Mihai M. Rusu1Liviu C. Cotet2Adriana Vulpoi3Ileana Florea4Sandrine Tuseau-Nenez5Monica Baia6Mihaela Baibarac7Lucian Baia8Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, “Babes-Bolyai” University, Arany Janos 11, RO-400028 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaLaboratory of Advanced Materials and Applied Technologies, Institute for Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, “Babes-Bolyai” University, Fântânele 30, RO-400294 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, “Babes-Bolyai” University, Arany Janos 11, RO-400028 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaNanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano-Interfaces Center, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, “Babes-Bolyai” University, T. Laurean 42, RO-400271 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaLPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, IPParis, 91228 Palaiseau, FranceLaboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, IPParis, 91228 Palaiseau, FranceDepartment of Biomolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, “Babes-Bolyai” University, M. Kogalniceanu 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaLaboratory Optical Processes in Nanostructure Materials, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor str. 405 A, 77125 Bucharest, RomaniaLaboratory of Advanced Materials and Applied Technologies, Institute for Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, “Babes-Bolyai” University, Fântânele 30, RO-400294 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaMultifunctional Bi- and Fe-modified carbon xerogel composites (CXBiFe), with different Fe concentrations, were obtained by a resorcinol–formaldehyde sol–gel method, followed by drying in ambient conditions and pyrolysis treatment. The morphological and structural characterization performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption/desorption porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning/transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analyses, indicates the formation of carbon-based nanocomposites with integrated Bi and Fe oxide nanoparticles. At higher Fe concentrations, Bi-Fe-O interactions lead to the formation of hybrid nanostructures and off-stoichiometric Bi<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub> mullite-like structures together with an excess of iron oxide nanoparticles. To examine the effect of the Fe content on the electrochemical performance of the CXBiFe composites, the obtained powders were initially dispersed in a chitosan solution and applied on the surface of glassy carbon electrodes. Then, the multifunctional character of the CXBiFe systems is assessed by involving the obtained modified electrodes for the detection of different analytes, such as biomarkers (hydrogen peroxide) and heavy metal ions (i.e., Pb<sup>2+</sup>). The achieved results indicate a drop in the detection limit for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> as Fe content increases. Even though the current results suggest that the surface modifications of the Bi phase with Fe and O impurities lower Pb<sup>2+</sup> detection efficiencies, Pb<sup>2+</sup> sensing well below the admitted concentrations for drinkable water is also noticed.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/1/117carbon nanocompositesbismuthironhybrid structureselectrochemical sensorslead |
| spellingShingle | Carmen I. Fort Mihai M. Rusu Liviu C. Cotet Adriana Vulpoi Ileana Florea Sandrine Tuseau-Nenez Monica Baia Mihaela Baibarac Lucian Baia Carbon Xerogel Nanostructures with Integrated Bi and Fe Components for Hydrogen Peroxide and Heavy Metal Detection Molecules carbon nanocomposites bismuth iron hybrid structures electrochemical sensors lead |
| title | Carbon Xerogel Nanostructures with Integrated Bi and Fe Components for Hydrogen Peroxide and Heavy Metal Detection |
| title_full | Carbon Xerogel Nanostructures with Integrated Bi and Fe Components for Hydrogen Peroxide and Heavy Metal Detection |
| title_fullStr | Carbon Xerogel Nanostructures with Integrated Bi and Fe Components for Hydrogen Peroxide and Heavy Metal Detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbon Xerogel Nanostructures with Integrated Bi and Fe Components for Hydrogen Peroxide and Heavy Metal Detection |
| title_short | Carbon Xerogel Nanostructures with Integrated Bi and Fe Components for Hydrogen Peroxide and Heavy Metal Detection |
| title_sort | carbon xerogel nanostructures with integrated bi and fe components for hydrogen peroxide and heavy metal detection |
| topic | carbon nanocomposites bismuth iron hybrid structures electrochemical sensors lead |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/1/117 |
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