Improved mechanical and wear properties of H13 tool steel by nitrogen-expanded martensite using current-controlled plasma nitriding
Nitrogen-expanded martensite is a crystalline structure formed by incorporating nitrogen atoms into the interstitial sites of martensitic steels. It has recently gained significant industrial attention due to its excellent mechanical and wear-resistance properties. However, the major challenge in sy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423014692 |
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| author | A.K. Gonzalez-Moran M. Naeem H.M. Hdz-García E.E. Granda-Gutiérrez J.J. Ruíz-Mondragón M. Alvarez-Vera J.C. Díaz-Guillén |
| author_facet | A.K. Gonzalez-Moran M. Naeem H.M. Hdz-García E.E. Granda-Gutiérrez J.J. Ruíz-Mondragón M. Alvarez-Vera J.C. Díaz-Guillén |
| author_sort | A.K. Gonzalez-Moran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrogen-expanded martensite is a crystalline structure formed by incorporating nitrogen atoms into the interstitial sites of martensitic steels. It has recently gained significant industrial attention due to its excellent mechanical and wear-resistance properties. However, the major challenge in synthesizing nitrogen-expanded martensite is obtaining a phase free of iron or chromium nitrides precipitates. In this study, the effects of varying temperature (460, 480, and 500 °C) and plasma current density (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mA/cm2) during plasma nitriding of H13 tool steel were investigated to evaluate their influence on crystalline phases. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis indicate that expanded martensite free of nitride precipitates can be obtained at a temperature of 480 °C and low current density. Moreover, wear analysis using a ball-on-disk wear tester showed that the lowest wear rates were achieved under similar conditions. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the outer region of the nitrided zone had a disordered structure, which could be attributed to a nano crystallization process. The nanoindentation analysis demonstrated that the expanded martensite phase has rigid-elastic properties characterized by high elastic energy (144.5 nJ) and high resistance to plastic deformation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:20:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b421d0d7f24e4a51924c8986ebe0dccf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:20:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b421d0d7f24e4a51924c8986ebe0dccf2023-08-11T05:33:58ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542023-07-012541394153Improved mechanical and wear properties of H13 tool steel by nitrogen-expanded martensite using current-controlled plasma nitridingA.K. Gonzalez-Moran0M. Naeem1H.M. Hdz-García2E.E. Granda-Gutiérrez3J.J. Ruíz-Mondragón4M. Alvarez-Vera5J.C. Díaz-Guillén6Corporación Mexicana de Investigación en Materiales, Saltillo, MexicoDepartment of Physics, Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Bagh, PakistanCorporación Mexicana de Investigación en Materiales, Saltillo, MexicoUAEM University Center at Atlacomulco, Universidad Autónoma Del Estado de México, Atlacomulco, MexicoCorporación Mexicana de Investigación en Materiales, Saltillo, MexicoUniversidad de Las Américas Puebla, UDLA, Dpto. de Ingeniería Industrial y Mecánica, Cholula, MexicoCONACYT- Corporación Mexicana de Investigación en Materiales, Saltillo, Mexico; Corresonding author.Nitrogen-expanded martensite is a crystalline structure formed by incorporating nitrogen atoms into the interstitial sites of martensitic steels. It has recently gained significant industrial attention due to its excellent mechanical and wear-resistance properties. However, the major challenge in synthesizing nitrogen-expanded martensite is obtaining a phase free of iron or chromium nitrides precipitates. In this study, the effects of varying temperature (460, 480, and 500 °C) and plasma current density (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mA/cm2) during plasma nitriding of H13 tool steel were investigated to evaluate their influence on crystalline phases. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis indicate that expanded martensite free of nitride precipitates can be obtained at a temperature of 480 °C and low current density. Moreover, wear analysis using a ball-on-disk wear tester showed that the lowest wear rates were achieved under similar conditions. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the outer region of the nitrided zone had a disordered structure, which could be attributed to a nano crystallization process. The nanoindentation analysis demonstrated that the expanded martensite phase has rigid-elastic properties characterized by high elastic energy (144.5 nJ) and high resistance to plastic deformation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423014692Plasma nitridingExpanded martensiteWearElastic properties |
| spellingShingle | A.K. Gonzalez-Moran M. Naeem H.M. Hdz-García E.E. Granda-Gutiérrez J.J. Ruíz-Mondragón M. Alvarez-Vera J.C. Díaz-Guillén Improved mechanical and wear properties of H13 tool steel by nitrogen-expanded martensite using current-controlled plasma nitriding Journal of Materials Research and Technology Plasma nitriding Expanded martensite Wear Elastic properties |
| title | Improved mechanical and wear properties of H13 tool steel by nitrogen-expanded martensite using current-controlled plasma nitriding |
| title_full | Improved mechanical and wear properties of H13 tool steel by nitrogen-expanded martensite using current-controlled plasma nitriding |
| title_fullStr | Improved mechanical and wear properties of H13 tool steel by nitrogen-expanded martensite using current-controlled plasma nitriding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improved mechanical and wear properties of H13 tool steel by nitrogen-expanded martensite using current-controlled plasma nitriding |
| title_short | Improved mechanical and wear properties of H13 tool steel by nitrogen-expanded martensite using current-controlled plasma nitriding |
| title_sort | improved mechanical and wear properties of h13 tool steel by nitrogen expanded martensite using current controlled plasma nitriding |
| topic | Plasma nitriding Expanded martensite Wear Elastic properties |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423014692 |
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