Clinical Value of the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 Pathway in Patients Suffering from Endometriosis
The interaction between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells mediated by the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2) pathway is the most important point in regulating immunological tolerance and autoimmunity. Disturbances in the quant...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11607 |
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| author | Dorota Suszczyk Wiktoria Skiba Witold Zardzewiały Anna Pawłowska Karolina Włodarczyk Grzegorz Polak Rafał Tarkowski Iwona Wertel |
| author_facet | Dorota Suszczyk Wiktoria Skiba Witold Zardzewiały Anna Pawłowska Karolina Włodarczyk Grzegorz Polak Rafał Tarkowski Iwona Wertel |
| author_sort | Dorota Suszczyk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The interaction between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells mediated by the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2) pathway is the most important point in regulating immunological tolerance and autoimmunity. Disturbances in the quantity, maturity, and activity of DCs may be involved in the implantation and growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus in endometriosis (EMS). However, little is known about the role of the immune checkpoint pathways in EMS. In our study, we examined the expression of PD-L1/PD-L2 on myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) in the peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) of both EMS patients (<i>n</i> = 72) and healthy subjects (<i>n</i> = 20) via flow cytometry. The concentration of soluble PD-L1 and PD-L2 in the plasma and PF of EMS patients and the control group were determined using ELISA. We demonstrated an elevated percentage of mDCs, mDCs and pDCs with the PD-L1or PD-L2 expression, and a higher concentration of the soluble forms of PD-L1 and PD-L2 in the PF than in the plasma of EMS patients. We conclude that the peritoneal cavity environment and the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 axis may play an important role in the modulation of immune response and the development and/or progression of EMS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:39:29Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:39:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b4293bfe1cd14453aa51ad5629483ef92023-11-23T20:36:16ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-10-0123191160710.3390/ijms231911607Clinical Value of the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 Pathway in Patients Suffering from EndometriosisDorota Suszczyk0Wiktoria Skiba1Witold Zardzewiały2Anna Pawłowska3Karolina Włodarczyk4Grzegorz Polak5Rafał Tarkowski6Iwona Wertel7Independent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, PolandIndependent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, PolandStudents’ Scientific Association, Independent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, PolandIndependent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, PolandIndependent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, PolandI Chair and Department of Gynaecologic Oncology and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, 20-081 Lublin, PolandI Chair and Department of Gynaecologic Oncology and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16, 20-081 Lublin, PolandIndependent Laboratory of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, PolandThe interaction between dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells mediated by the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2) pathway is the most important point in regulating immunological tolerance and autoimmunity. Disturbances in the quantity, maturity, and activity of DCs may be involved in the implantation and growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus in endometriosis (EMS). However, little is known about the role of the immune checkpoint pathways in EMS. In our study, we examined the expression of PD-L1/PD-L2 on myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) in the peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) of both EMS patients (<i>n</i> = 72) and healthy subjects (<i>n</i> = 20) via flow cytometry. The concentration of soluble PD-L1 and PD-L2 in the plasma and PF of EMS patients and the control group were determined using ELISA. We demonstrated an elevated percentage of mDCs, mDCs and pDCs with the PD-L1or PD-L2 expression, and a higher concentration of the soluble forms of PD-L1 and PD-L2 in the PF than in the plasma of EMS patients. We conclude that the peritoneal cavity environment and the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 axis may play an important role in the modulation of immune response and the development and/or progression of EMS.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11607endometriosisdendritic cellsprogrammed cell death pathwayperitoneal fluidimmunosuppressionperitoneal cavity |
| spellingShingle | Dorota Suszczyk Wiktoria Skiba Witold Zardzewiały Anna Pawłowska Karolina Włodarczyk Grzegorz Polak Rafał Tarkowski Iwona Wertel Clinical Value of the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 Pathway in Patients Suffering from Endometriosis International Journal of Molecular Sciences endometriosis dendritic cells programmed cell death pathway peritoneal fluid immunosuppression peritoneal cavity |
| title | Clinical Value of the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 Pathway in Patients Suffering from Endometriosis |
| title_full | Clinical Value of the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 Pathway in Patients Suffering from Endometriosis |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Value of the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 Pathway in Patients Suffering from Endometriosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Value of the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 Pathway in Patients Suffering from Endometriosis |
| title_short | Clinical Value of the PD-1/PD-L1/PD-L2 Pathway in Patients Suffering from Endometriosis |
| title_sort | clinical value of the pd 1 pd l1 pd l2 pathway in patients suffering from endometriosis |
| topic | endometriosis dendritic cells programmed cell death pathway peritoneal fluid immunosuppression peritoneal cavity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11607 |
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